Department of Public Health Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
BMC Vet Res. 2012 Dec 5;8:234. doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-8-234.
Taenia solium is an important zoonosis in many developing countries. Cysticercosis poses a serious public health risk and leads to economic losses to the pig production industry. Due to scarcity of data on the epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in Kenya, the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors for porcine cysticercosis within Homa Bay district. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2010, and a total of 392 pigs were recruited in a household survey, with all being tested by ante-mortem lingual palpation (together with questionnaire data on pig production, occurrence and transmission of porcine cysticercosis, risk factors and awareness of porcine cysticercosis collected from the households from which pigs were sampled). Sufficient serum was collected from 232 of the pigs to be tested for the presence of circulating parasite antigen using a monoclonal antibody-based sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Ag-ELISA).
Seventy six pigs were found positive by the Ag-ELISA (32.8%, 95% C.I. 26.8-39.2%), while by tongue inspection cysticerci were detected in 22/ 392 pigs (5.6% 95% C.I. 3.6-8.4%).The most important risk factor for porcine cysticercosis in the Homa Bay area was for pigs to belong to a farm where latrine use by members of the household was not evident (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.13-2.37).
The present findings indicate that porcine cysticercosis is endemic in Homa Bay District, and that latrine provision, in conjunction with free-range pig keeping contributes significantly to porcine cysticercosis transmission.
猪带绦虫是许多发展中国家的一种重要人畜共患病。囊尾蚴病对公共卫生构成严重威胁，并导致养猪业的经济损失。由于肯尼亚猪囊尾蚴病流行病学数据稀缺，本研究旨在确定霍马湾地区猪囊尾蚴病的流行率和危险因素。2010 年进行了横断面调查，在家庭调查中总共招募了 392 头猪，所有猪都通过生前舌部触诊（以及从抽样猪所在家庭收集的关于猪囊尾蚴病的发生和传播、危险因素和对猪囊尾蚴病的认识的问卷数据）进行检测。从 232 头猪中采集了足够的血清，使用基于单克隆抗体的夹心酶联免疫吸附试验（Ag-ELISA）检测循环寄生虫抗原的存在。
Ag-ELISA 检测到 76 头猪呈阳性（32.8%，95%置信区间 26.8-39.2%），而通过舌检查在 392 头猪中发现 22 头（5.6%，95%置信区间 3.6-8.4%）。霍马湾地区猪囊尾蚴病的最重要危险因素是猪属于家庭中没有明显使用厕所的农场（OR=1.9，95%CI=1.13-2.37）。
本研究结果表明，猪囊尾蚴病在霍马湾地区流行，厕所的提供以及散养猪的方式显著促进了猪囊尾蚴病的传播。
