Kagira J M, Maingi N, Kanyari P W N, Githigia S M, Ng'ang'a J C, Gachohi J M
Trypanosomiasis Research Centre-KARI, Kikuyu, Kenya.
J Helminthol. 2010 Dec;84(4):398-403. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X10000076. Epub 2010 Feb 22.
Porcine cysticercosis is an emerging zoonosis with public health and economic importance. A cross-sectional study was undertaken to investigate the disease in free-range pigs on 182 smallholder farms in Busia District, Kenya. The survey households were selected using a snowballing technique. Serum samples were obtained from 284 pigs of all ages at farm level and 37 pigs from slaughter slabs in the study area. The samples were analysed for the presence of cysticercus antigen using an antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A structured questionnaire was administered to determine the risk factors for porcine cysticercosis on the study farms. At pig level, the total number of pigs testing positive were 11, resulting in a seroprevalence of 4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.9-6.2%), while the farms with a positive pig were 9% (95% CI: 3.9-14.1%). All pigs examined in the slaughter slab survey were seronegative. The distribution of possible risk factors for porcine cysticercosis that were observed at farm level was as follows: free-range pig keeping (100%), history of human taeniosis infection in a family (51%), slaughtering of pigs at home (20%), lack of meat inspection (15%) and absence of latrines (15%). The only significant (χ2 = 4.4, P = 0.034, odds ratio (OR) = 3.8) risk factor associated with the occurrence of cysticercosis was lack of latrines at household level. The study shows that porcine cysticercosis is prevalent in free-range pigs in Busia District, Kenya and thus control measures need to be instituted.
猪囊尾蚴病是一种新出现的人畜共患病，对公共卫生和经济具有重要意义。在肯尼亚布西亚区的182个小农户养殖场开展了一项横断面研究，以调查散养猪的这种疾病。采用滚雪球技术选取调查农户。在养殖场层面从284头各年龄段猪采集血清样本，并从研究区域的屠宰场采集了37头猪的样本。使用抗原酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）分析样本中是否存在囊尾蚴抗原。发放了一份结构化问卷，以确定研究养殖场猪囊尾蚴病的风险因素。在猪层面，检测呈阳性的猪总数为11头，血清阳性率为4%（95%置信区间（CI）：1.9 - 6.2%），而有阳性猪的养殖场为9%（95% CI：3.9 - 14.1%）。在屠宰场调查中检测的所有猪血清均为阴性。在养殖场层面观察到的猪囊尾蚴病可能风险因素分布如下：散养猪（100%）、家庭中有人类绦虫病感染史（51%）、在家杀猪（20%）、缺乏肉类检验（15%）和没有厕所（15%）。与囊尾蚴病发生相关的唯一显著（χ2 = 4.4，P = 0.034，优势比（OR）= 3.8）风险因素是家庭层面没有厕所。该研究表明，猪囊尾蚴病在肯尼亚布西亚区的散养猪中普遍存在，因此需要采取控制措施。
