Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Formos Med Assoc. 2012 Nov;111(11):651-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2012.07.038. Epub 2012 Oct 23.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Several studies have indicated an inverse association between the incidence of diabetes mellitus and magnesium and dietary fiber intake. Few studies have examined both of these associations together, not to mention in Asian populations with prospective study design. We therefore aimed to study how dietary magnesium and fiber intake levels affect diabetes incidence separately or in combination, in a prospective study in Taiwan.
The study subjects were recruited for a longitudinal study, CardioVascular Disease risk FACtor Two-township Study cycle 2 from November 1990. Data from complete baseline information on dietary and biochemical profile and at least one additional follow-up visit were gathered on a total of 1604 healthy subjects aged 30 years and over. Cox proportional hazard model was used to study the association between diabetes incidence and dietary magnesium and fiber intake level estimated from a food frequency questionnaire.
A total of 141 diabetes mellitus events were identified and confirmed during the 4.6 years of follow-up (7365.1 person-years). A significantly higher diabetes risk was observed for people in the lowest quintile of total dietary fiber intake (hazard ratio = 2.04; 95% CI = 1.17-3.53) and magnesium intake (hazard ratio = 2.61; 95% CI = 1.42-4.79) compared with the highest quintile after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. Similar inverse associations for total dietary fiber were also shown for vegetable fiber and fruit fiber.
Lower magnesium, lower total dietary fiber intake, or lower intake of both was associated with higher risk of diabetes in the Taiwanese population. Clinical trials are required to confirm the protective effects of the adequate intake of fiber, magnesium, and/or their combination.
背景/目的：多项研究表明，糖尿病的发病率与镁和膳食纤维的摄入量呈负相关。很少有研究同时研究这两种关联，更不用说在具有前瞻性研究设计的亚洲人群中了。因此，我们旨在研究在台湾的一项前瞻性研究中，饮食中镁和纤维的摄入量水平分别或联合对糖尿病发病率的影响。
研究对象是从 1990 年 11 月开始的心血管疾病风险因素两镇研究第二期的纵向研究中招募的。共收集了 1604 名年龄在 30 岁及以上的健康受试者的完整基线饮食和生化特征数据，以及至少一次额外随访的数据。使用 Cox 比例风险模型研究了糖尿病发病率与饮食中镁和纤维摄入量水平之间的关联，这些数据是通过食物频率问卷估计的。
在 4.6 年的随访期间，共发现并确诊了 141 例糖尿病病例（7365.1 人年）。与最高五分位组相比，总膳食纤维摄入量最低五分位组的糖尿病风险显著升高（风险比=2.04；95%可信区间=1.17-3.53）和镁摄入量（风险比=2.61；95%可信区间=1.42-4.79），调整了传统心血管疾病危险因素后。总膳食纤维摄入量与蔬菜纤维和水果纤维的关联也呈相似的反比关系。
在台湾人群中，较低的镁、较低的总膳食纤维摄入量或两者都较低与糖尿病风险增加相关。需要进行临床试验来证实纤维、镁和/或它们的组合的充足摄入具有保护作用。
