Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Int J Cardiol. 2013 Sep 1;167(5):1712-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.11.109. Epub 2012 Dec 4.
Cardiovascular complications are frequent in acromegalic patients. Several studies reported increased prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and early development of endothelial dysfunction and of structural vascular alterations, with subsequent increased risk of coronary artery disease. Furthermore, chronic exposure to high levels of GH and IGF-I leads to the development of the so called "acromegalic cardiomyopathy", characterized by concentric biventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction and, additionally, by progressive impairment of systolic performance leading to overt heart failure. Cardiac valvulopathies and arrhythmias have also been documented and may concur to the deterioration of cardiac function. Together with strict control of cardiovascular risk factors, early control of GH and IGF-I excess, by surgical or pharmacological therapy, has been reported to ameliorate cardiac and metabolic abnormalities, leading to a significant reduction of left ventricular hypertrophy and to a consistent improvement of cardiac performance.
肢端肥大症患者常发生心血管并发症。多项研究报告称，传统心血管危险因素的患病率增加，内皮功能障碍和结构性血管改变的早期发生，随后冠心病的风险增加。此外，长期暴露于高水平的 GH 和 IGF-I 会导致所谓的“肢端肥大性心肌病”的发生，其特征为向心性双心室肥厚、舒张功能障碍，并且，收缩功能逐渐受损导致明显的心衰。心脏瓣膜病和心律失常也有记录，并可能导致心脏功能恶化。除了严格控制心血管危险因素外，通过手术或药物治疗早期控制 GH 和 IGF-I 过多，据报道可改善心脏和代谢异常，导致左心室肥厚显著减少，并使心脏功能持续改善。
