Martos-Moreno G A, Kopchick J J, Argente J
Servicios de Pediatría y Endocrinología, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Madrid, España.
An Pediatr (Barc). 2013 Mar;78(3):189.e1-189.e15. doi: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2012.10.008. Epub 2012 Nov 24.
The worldwide increase in the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents during the last decades, as well as the mounting evidence indicating that obesity is associated with an increased incidence of comorbidities and the risk of premature death, resulting in a high economic impact, has stimulated obesity focused research. These studies have highlighted the prominent endocrine activity of adipose tissue, which is exerted through the synthesis and secretion of a wide variety of peptides and cytokines, called adipokines. This review presents a summary of the current knowledge and most relevant studies of adipokine dynamics and actions in children, focusing on the control of energy homeostasis, metabolic regulation (particularly carbohydrate metabolism), and inflammation. The particularities of adipose secretion and actions in healthy children, from birth to adolescence, and the modifications induced by early onset obesity are highlighted.
在过去几十年间，全球儿童和青少年肥胖患病率不断上升，而且越来越多的证据表明肥胖与合并症发病率增加以及过早死亡风险相关，会造成巨大的经济影响，这刺激了针对肥胖的研究。这些研究突出了脂肪组织显著的内分泌活性，该活性通过合成和分泌多种称为脂肪因子的肽和细胞因子来发挥作用。本综述总结了目前关于儿童脂肪因子动态和作用的知识以及最相关的研究，重点关注能量平衡的控制、代谢调节（尤其是碳水化合物代谢）和炎症。文中强调了从出生到青春期健康儿童脂肪分泌和作用的特点，以及早发性肥胖所引起的变化。
