School of Sport, Performing Arts and Leisure, Department of Physical Activity, Exercise and Health, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, West Midlands, UK,
J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2013 Jun;4(2):111-24. doi: 10.1007/s13539-012-0096-0. Epub 2012 Dec 13.
Cancer cachexia is a debilitating consequence of disease progression, characterised by the significant weight loss through the catabolism of both skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, leading to a reduced mobility and muscle function, fatigue, impaired quality of life and ultimately death occurring with 25-30 % total body weight loss. Degradation of proteins and decreased protein synthesis contributes to catabolism of skeletal muscle, while the loss of adipose tissue results mainly from enhanced lipolysis. These mechanisms appear to be at least, in part, mediated by systemic inflammation. Exercise, by virtue of its anti-inflammatory effect, is shown to be effective at counteracting the muscle catabolism by increasing protein synthesis and reducing protein degradation, thus successfully improving muscle strength, physical function and quality of life in patients with non-cancer-related cachexia. Therefore, by implementing appropriate exercise interventions upon diagnosis and at various stages of treatment, it may be possible to reverse protein degradation, while increasing protein synthesis and lean body mass, thus counteracting the wasting seen in cachexia.
癌症恶病质是疾病进展的一种使人虚弱的后果，其特征是通过骨骼肌和脂肪组织的分解代谢导致显著的体重减轻，从而导致活动能力和肌肉功能降低、疲劳、生活质量受损，最终在总体重减轻 25-30%时死亡。蛋白质的降解和蛋白质合成的减少导致骨骼肌的分解代谢，而脂肪组织的损失主要归因于脂肪分解的增强。这些机制似乎至少部分受到全身炎症的介导。运动通过其抗炎作用，被证明可以通过增加蛋白质合成和减少蛋白质降解来有效地对抗肌肉分解代谢，从而成功地改善非癌症相关恶病质患者的肌肉力量、身体功能和生活质量。因此，通过在诊断时和在治疗的各个阶段实施适当的运动干预，可能逆转蛋白质降解，同时增加蛋白质合成和瘦体重，从而对抗恶病质中出现的消瘦。
