Syntaxin Ltd., Units 4-10, The Quadrant, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 3YS, UK.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2013;364:287-306. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-33570-9_13.
Botulinum neurotoxins are comprised of multiple identifiable protein domains. Recent advances in understanding the relationships between domain structure and neurotoxin function have provided a number of opportunities to engineer innovative therapeutic proteins that utilise the neurotoxins and neurotoxin domains. For example, recent insights into the properties of the catalytic, translocation and binding domains open up opportunities to develop botulinum neurotoxins with enhanced properties of selectivity, potency and duration of action. In parallel, the broad scope for utilisation of the individual domains is becoming clearer as significant advancements are made to exploit the unique biology of the catalytic and translocation domains. These opportunities and the status of their development will be reviewed in this chapter.
肉毒神经毒素由多个可识别的蛋白质结构域组成。近年来，人们对结构域与神经毒素功能之间关系的认识不断深入，为利用神经毒素和神经毒素结构域来设计创新性治疗蛋白提供了许多机会。例如，最近对催化、易位和结合结构域特性的深入了解为开发具有增强选择性、效力和作用持续时间的肉毒神经毒素提供了机会。与此同时，随着对催化和易位结构域独特生物学特性的开发取得重大进展，各个结构域的广泛应用前景也变得更加清晰。本章将对这些机会及其发展现状进行综述。
