Kmiotek Elizabeth K, Baimel Corey, Gill Kathryn J
Addictions Unit, McGill University Health Centre.
J Vis Exp. 2012 Dec 8(70):e3739. doi: 10.3791/3739.
Animal models have been developed to study the reinforcing effects of drugs, including the intravenous self-administration (IVSA) paradigm. The advantages of using an IVSA paradigm to study the reinforcing properties of drugs of abuse such as cocaine include the fact that the drug is self-administered instead of experimenter-administered, the schedule of reinforcement can be altered, and accurate measurement of the quantities of drug consumed as well as the timing and pattern of IV injections can be obtained. Furthermore, the intravenous route of administration avoids potential confounds related to first pass metabolism or taste, and produces rapid increases in blood and brain drug levels. As outlined in this video, intravenous self-administration can be obtained without prior food restriction or prior drug training following careful catheter placement during surgery and meticulous daily catheter flushing and maintenance. Experimental procedures outlined in this paper include a description of animal housing and acclimation methods, operant training using sweetened milk solutions, and catheter implantation surgery.
已经开发出动物模型来研究药物的强化作用，包括静脉内自我给药（IVSA）范式。使用IVSA范式来研究诸如可卡因等滥用药物的强化特性的优点包括：药物是自我给药而非实验者给药；强化时间表可以改变；可以准确测量所消耗药物的数量以及静脉注射的时间和模式。此外，静脉内给药途径避免了与首过代谢或味道相关的潜在混杂因素，并使血液和脑内药物水平迅速升高。如本视频所述，在手术期间仔细放置导管并进行细致的每日导管冲洗和维护后，无需事先限制食物或进行药物训练即可实现静脉内自我给药。本文概述的实验程序包括对动物饲养和适应方法的描述、使用加糖牛奶溶液进行的操作性训练以及导管植入手术。
