Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK.
J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2013 Apr;6(2):187-96. doi: 10.1007/s12265-012-9433-0. Epub 2012 Dec 15.
It is just over 100 years since details emerged of the anatomical arrangement of the histologically specialised cardiomyocytes responsible for initiation and propagation of the cardiac impulse. Shortly thereafter, histological criteria were established to permit their location in autopsied human hearts. These criteria retain their value, but can now be enhanced by molecular and immunohistochemical findings. The new techniques have advanced our knowledge of the location and detailed structure of the sinus and atrioventricular nodes, along with the atrioventricular conduction axis. They also reveal the presence of additional areas of specialised myocardium, such as the paranodal area of the terminal crest, and the atrioventricular ring tissues. In contrast, they offer no support for the notion that the pulmonary venous sleeves are histologically specialised, but do provide insights to the substrates for outflow tract tachycardias. This article is part of a JCTR special issue on Cardiac Anatomy.
自一百多年前详细揭示了负责发起和传播心脏冲动的组织学特化的心肌细胞的解剖结构以来。此后不久，就建立了组织学标准，以便在尸检的人心上定位这些细胞。这些标准仍然具有价值，但现在可以通过分子和免疫组织化学发现来增强。这些新技术提高了我们对窦房结和房室结以及房室传导轴的位置和详细结构的认识。它们还揭示了存在其他特化心肌区域，例如终嵴的旁区和房室环组织。相比之下，它们并没有支持肺静脉袖套在组织学上是特化的观点，但为流出道心动过速的基质提供了一些见解。本文是 JCTR 心脏解剖特刊的一部分。
