Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2013 Jan;14(1):7-23. doi: 10.1038/nrn3379.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)--a member of a small family of secreted proteins that includes nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 3 and neurotrophin 4--has emerged as a key regulator of neural circuit development and function. The expression, secretion and actions of BDNF are directly controlled by neural activity, and secreted BDNF is capable of mediating many activity-dependent processes in the mammalian brain, including neuronal differentiation and growth, synapse formation and plasticity, and higher cognitive functions. This Review summarizes some of the recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotrophin regulation of neural circuits. The focus of the article is on BDNF, as this is the most widely expressed and studied neurotrophin in the mammalian brain.
脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）——分泌蛋白小家族的一员，包括神经生长因子、神经营养因子 3 和神经营养因子 4——已成为神经回路发育和功能的关键调节因子。BDNF 的表达、分泌和作用直接受神经活动控制，分泌的 BDNF 能够介导哺乳动物大脑中的许多依赖于活动的过程，包括神经元分化和生长、突触形成和可塑性以及更高的认知功能。本文总结了理解神经营养因子调节神经回路的细胞和分子机制的一些最新进展。本文的重点是 BDNF，因为它是哺乳动物大脑中表达最广泛和研究最多的神经营养因子。
