South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2013 Apr;56(4):439-53. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22145. Epub 2012 Dec 19.
This review summarizes peer-reviewed studies examining cancer risks among police officers. It provides an overview of existing research limitations and uncertainties and the plausible etiologic risk factors associated with cancer in this understudied occupation.
Previous cancer studies among police officers were obtained via a systematic review of the MEDLINE, CABDirect, and Web of Science bibliographic databases.
Quality observational studies of cancer among police officers are sparse and subject to limitations in exposure assessment and other methods. Results from three studies suggested possible increased mortality risks for all cancers, and cancers of the colon, kidney, digestive system, esophagus, male breast, and testis, as well as Hodgkin's disease. Few incidence studies have been performed, and results have been mixed, although some associations with police work have been observed for thyroid, skin, and male breast cancer.
Police are exposed to a mix of known or suspected agents or activities that increase cancer risk. Epidemiologic evidence to date is sparse and inconsistent. There is a critical need for more research to understand the biological and social processes underlying exposures and the suggested disproportionate risks and to identify effective prevention strategies.
本综述总结了同行评议的研究，检查警察患癌风险。它概述了现有研究的局限性和不确定性，以及与这个研究不足的职业相关的癌症的合理病因风险因素。
通过对 MEDLINE、CABDirect 和 Web of Science 书目数据库的系统综述，获得了之前关于警察患癌的研究。
针对警察患癌的高质量观察性研究很少，并且在暴露评估和其他方法方面存在局限性。三项研究的结果表明，所有癌症、结肠癌、肾癌、消化系统癌症、食道癌、男性乳腺癌和睾丸癌以及霍奇金病的死亡率可能会增加。进行的发病率研究很少，结果也不一致，尽管观察到与警察工作有关的甲状腺癌、皮肤癌和男性乳腺癌的一些关联。
警察接触到已知或疑似会增加癌症风险的混合因素或活动。迄今为止，流行病学证据稀缺且不一致。迫切需要更多的研究来了解潜在暴露和提示不成比例的风险的生物学和社会过程，并确定有效的预防策略。
