Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Split, Teslina 12, HR-21000 Split.
Chem Biodivers. 2012 Dec;9(12):2825-42. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.201100376.
Satureja montana and S. subspicata are used as spice, pepper substitute, for preparing tea, juice, and as a medicine. Fourteen populations (seven per species) of Satureja montana L. and S. subspicata Vis. growing in Croatia were examined to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil (analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS), the content of macroelements (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and trace elements (B, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Al, Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, Hg, As) analyzed by ICP-AES, antioxidant compounds (analyzed by UV/VIS spectrophotometer), and the types and distribution of trichomes (analyzed by scanning electron microscopy). The main constituents of the essential oil were carvacrol and thymol in S. montana (all populations belong to one phenol chemotype), while α-eudesmol, β-eudesmol, and spathulenol dominated in S. subspicata (three chemotypes could be distinguished). Both species possess considerably higher quantities of Ca and Mg, and moderate concentrations of K and Na, while Hg and As levels were below the limit of quantification. Non-glandular trichomes, peltate trichomes, and three types of capitate trichomes were observed on leaves, stem, calyx, and corolla.
龙蒿和宽叶山蒿被用作香料、胡椒替代品，用于制作茶、果汁和药物。对在克罗地亚生长的 14 个龙蒿（7 个种）和宽叶山蒿种群进行了研究，以确定精油的化学成分（通过 GC-FID 和 GC/MS 分析）、宏量元素（Na、K、Ca、Mg）和微量元素（B、Fe、Cu、Mn、Zn、Al、Pb、Cr、Cd、Ni、Hg、As）的含量（通过 ICP-AES 分析）、抗氧化化合物（通过 UV/VIS 分光光度计分析），以及表皮毛的类型和分布（通过扫描电子显微镜分析）。精油的主要成分是龙蒿中的香芹酚和百里香酚（所有种群都属于一种酚类化学型），而宽叶山蒿中的α-艾杜醇、β-艾杜醇和匙叶桉油醇占主导地位（可以区分三种化学型）。这两个物种都含有相当高的 Ca 和 Mg，以及适量的 K 和 Na，而 Hg 和 As 的含量低于定量限。在叶片、茎、花萼和花冠上观察到非腺毛、盾状表皮毛和三种头状表皮毛。
