Department of General Surgery, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
Sci China Life Sci. 2013 Jan;56(1):13-8. doi: 10.1007/s11427-012-4428-2. Epub 2012 Dec 27.
The innate immune response provides the initial defense against infection. This is accomplished by families of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that bind to conserved molecules in bacteria, fungi and viruses. PRRs are finely regulated by elaborate mechanisms to ensure a beneficial outcome in response to foreign invaders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs that are emerging as important regulators in immune responses at the post-transcriptional level, through the inhibition of translation, or by inducing mRNA degradation. It has been shown that miRNAs have unique expression profiles in cells of the innate immune systems and play pivotal roles in regulating the signal pathways of innate receptors, including Toll-like receptors, RIG-I-like receptors and Nod-like receptors. We have summarized the recent literature providing new insights into the regulation of innate receptor pathways by miRNAs.
天然免疫反应为机体提供了抵御感染的第一道防线。这一过程是通过识别模式受体（PRR）家族来实现的，该家族能够识别细菌、真菌和病毒中保守的分子。PRR 通过精细的调控机制来确保在应对外来入侵时产生有益的结果。微小 RNA（miRNA）是一类小的非编码调控 RNA，它们通过抑制翻译或诱导 mRNA 降解，在后转录水平上作为免疫反应的重要调控因子而崭露头角。已经表明，miRNA 在先天免疫系统的细胞中具有独特的表达谱，并在调节先天受体信号通路方面发挥关键作用，包括 Toll 样受体、RIG-I 样受体和 Nod 样受体。我们总结了最新的文献，提供了 miRNA 对先天受体通路调节的新见解。
