Simonsen J N, Plummer F A, Ngugi E N, Black C, Kreiss J K, Gakinya M N, Waiyaki P, D'Costa L J, Ndinya-Achola J O, Piot P
Centre for Microbiologic Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute.
AIDS. 1990 Feb;4(2):139-44. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199002000-00007.
A cohort of 418 lower socioeconomic strata prostitutes were enrolled in a study of the epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) between January and April 1985. Sixty-two per cent of the women were seropositive for HIV infection at enrollment. Significant associations were found between HIV seropositivity and Tanzanian origin (OR = 2.12, CI 95% = 1.18-3.81, P less than 0.03), younger age, a shorter duration of prostitution, reduced fecundity, use of oral contraceptives (OR = 1.8, CI 95% = 1.1-2.9, P less than 0.05) and genital ulcer disease (OR = 3.32, P less than 0.00001). No associations were noted with other STD. Stepwise logistic regression analysis confirmed independent associations between HIV infection and Tanzanian origin (OR = 2.27, CI 95% = 1.25-4.14, P less than 0.007), reduced fecundity (OR = 0.83, CI 95% = 0.74-0.94, P less than 0.003), oral contraceptive use (OR = 2.02, CI 95% = 1.22-3.35, P less than 0.006) and duration of prostitution (OR = 0.39, CI 95% = 0.23-0.65, P less than 0.004). Oral contraceptives may increase susceptibility to HIV or may be a marker for other factors which increase risk of acquisition. Further studies are necessary to confirm this association.
1985年1月至4月期间，418名社会经济地位较低的妓女参与了一项性传播疾病（STD）流行病学研究。入组时，62%的女性HIV感染血清学呈阳性。研究发现，HIV血清学阳性与来自坦桑尼亚（比值比[OR]=2.12，95%置信区间[CI]=1.18 - 3.81，P<0.03）、年龄较小、卖淫时间较短、生育力降低、使用口服避孕药（OR = 1.8，95%CI = 1.1 - 2.9，P<0.05）以及生殖器溃疡疾病（OR = 3.32，P<0.00001）之间存在显著关联。未发现与其他性传播疾病有相关性。逐步逻辑回归分析证实，HIV感染与来自坦桑尼亚（OR = 2.27，95%CI = 1.25 - 4.14，P<0.007）、生育力降低（OR = 0.83，95%CI = 0.74 - 0.94，P<0.003）、使用口服避孕药（OR = 2.02，95%CI = 1.22 - 3.35，P<0.006）以及卖淫时间（OR = 0.39，95%CI = 0.23 - 0.65，P<0.004）之间存在独立关联。口服避孕药可能会增加对HIV的易感性，或者可能是其他增加感染风险因素的一个标志。需要进一步研究来证实这种关联。
