MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013 Jan 4;61(51-52):1033-7.
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), 2.5% of fatal motor vehicle crashes (approximately 730 in 2009) and 2.0% of all crashes with nonfatal injuries (approximately 30,000 in 2009) involve drowsy driving. However, although data collection methods make it challenging to estimate the number of crashes that involve drowsy drivers, some modeling studies have estimated that 15% to 33% of fatal crashes might involve drowsy drivers. Fatalities and injuries are more likely in motor vehicle crashes that involve drowsy driving compared with non-drowsy driving crashes. To assess the state-level self-reported prevalence of falling asleep while driving, CDC analyzed data from a set of questions about insufficient sleep administered through the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) during 2009-2010. Among 147,076 respondents in 19 states and the District of Columbia (DC),* 4.2% reported having fallen asleep while driving at least one time during the previous 30 days. Reports of falling asleep while driving were more common among adults who reported usually sleeping ≤6 hours per day, snoring, or unintentionally falling asleep during the day compared with other adults who did not report these characteristics. Drivers should avoid driving while drowsy and learn the warning signs of drowsy driving.
根据美国国家公路交通安全管理局（NHTSA）的数据，2.5%的致命机动车事故（2009 年约为 730 起）和 2.0%的非致命伤害事故（2009 年约为 3 万起）涉及疲劳驾驶。然而，尽管数据收集方法使得估算涉及疲劳驾驶的事故数量具有挑战性，但一些建模研究估计，15%至 33%的致命事故可能涉及疲劳驾驶。与非疲劳驾驶事故相比，涉及疲劳驾驶的机动车事故更有可能导致人员伤亡。为了评估各州自我报告的驾驶时入睡的流行率，疾病预防控制中心分析了一组关于睡眠不足的问题的数据，这些问题是通过行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）在 2009-2010 年期间进行的。在 19 个州和哥伦比亚特区（DC）的 147076 名受访者中，*有 4.2%的人报告在过去 30 天内至少有一次在开车时睡着了。与没有报告这些特征的其他成年人相比，报告说通常每天睡眠≤6 小时、打鼾或白天意外入睡的成年人，报告开车时睡着的情况更为常见。司机应避免疲劳驾驶，并了解疲劳驾驶的警告信号。
