Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Br J Nutr. 2013 Aug 28;110(3):413-9. doi: 10.1017/S0007114512005314. Epub 2013 Jan 3.
Studies have suggested that two major milk constituents, casein and Ca, favourably affect postprandial responses. However, effects of milk on postprandial metabolism are unknown. We therefore investigated effects of using milk with a fat-containing meal on lipid and glucose responses in overweight men. To identify the constituent responsible for possible effects, we also studied responses to Ca and protein. A total of sixteen men (BMI .27 kg/m2) participated in four postprandial tests. They consumed a breakfast (44 g of fat) plus a drink: a control drink, low-fat milk or a protein and Ca drink (500 ml). Blood samples were taken before the meals and at regular time points during 6 h thereafter. Compared with control, the incremental AUC (iAUC) for serum TAG was increased by 44% after the protein meal (P¼0·015). Although the iAUC were not different (P¼0·051), peak glucose concentrations were reduced by 24% after protein intake, as compared with control (P¼0·021). The decrease of 18% after milk intake did not reach statistical significance. Compared with the milk meal, the iAUC for insulin was 52% lower after the control meal (P¼0·035) and 51% after the protein meal (P¼0·005). The present results indicate that the intake of milk with a fat-containing meal enhances postprandial TAG and insulin responses and may blunt glucose increases. The protein fraction of milk seems to be the main determinant for the effects on TAG and glucose. Ca did not change any of the postprandial responses.
研究表明，两种主要的牛奶成分，即酪蛋白和钙，有利于餐后反应。然而，牛奶对餐后代谢的影响尚不清楚。因此，我们研究了在超重男性中，在用含脂肪餐食饮用牛奶对脂质和葡萄糖反应的影响。为了确定可能产生影响的成分，我们还研究了对钙和蛋白质的反应。共有 16 名男性（BMI.27 kg/m2）参与了四项餐后测试。他们食用了早餐（44 克脂肪）和一种饮料：对照饮料、低脂牛奶或一种蛋白质和钙饮料（500 毫升）。在餐前和餐后 6 小时内的定期时间点采集血样。与对照相比，蛋白质餐后血清 TAG 的增量 AUC（iAUC）增加了 44%（P¼0·015）。尽管 iAUC 没有差异（P¼0·051），但与对照相比，蛋白质摄入后血糖峰值降低了 24%（P¼0·021）。牛奶摄入后的降幅为 18%，没有达到统计学意义。与牛奶餐相比，对照餐后胰岛素 iAUC 降低了 52%（P¼0·035），蛋白质餐后降低了 51%（P¼0·005）。本研究结果表明，在用含脂肪餐食饮用牛奶会增强餐后 TAG 和胰岛素反应，并可能减缓血糖升高。牛奶中的蛋白质部分似乎是影响 TAG 和葡萄糖的主要决定因素。钙没有改变任何餐后反应。
