Center for Molecular Biology of the University of Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2013 Feb;16(1):52-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2012.11.009. Epub 2013 Jan 2.
Among specialized bacterial secretion systems, the most widespread is the type VI secretion system (T6SS). This transports effector molecules into target cells in a single, cell-contact dependent step. T6SSs are structurally related to the cell-puncturing device of tailed bacteriophages and predicted to function as contractile injection machineries that perforate eukaryotic and prokaryotic target membranes for effector delivery. Activities of T6SSs can play important roles in virulence by modifying the eukaryotic host cytoskeleton through actin crosslinking. They are also efficient weaponry in interbacterial warfare and provide a fitness advantage by hydrolyzing cell walls of opponent bacteria. The role of T6SSs in interbacterial competition might enable pathogens to outcompete commensal bacteria and facilitate host colonization.
在专门的细菌分泌系统中，最为广泛的是 VI 型分泌系统（T6SS）。该系统能够在单个细胞接触依赖的步骤中，将效应分子输送到靶细胞中。T6SS 与尾部噬菌体的细胞穿孔装置在结构上相关，预计其功能为收缩注射机制，可穿透真核和原核靶细胞膜以输送效应分子。T6SS 的活性可通过肌动蛋白交联修饰真核宿主细胞骨架而在毒力中发挥重要作用。它们也是细菌间战争中的有效武器，通过水解对手细菌的细胞壁来提供适应性优势。T6SS 在细菌间竞争中的作用可能使病原体能够胜过共生菌并促进宿主定植。
