Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, UK.
Int J Parasitol. 2013 Mar;43(3-4):301-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.11.011. Epub 2013 Jan 3.
Epidemiological and interventional human studies, as well as experiments in animal models, strongly indicate that helminth parasitic infections can confer protection from immune dysregulatory diseases such as allergy, autoimmunity and colitis. Here, we review the immunological pathways that helminths exploit to downregulate immune responses, both against bystander specificities such as allergens and against antigens from the parasites themselves. In particular, we focus on a highly informative laboratory system, the mouse intestinal nematode, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, as a tractable model of host-parasite interaction at the cellular and molecular levels. Analysis of the molecules released in vitro (as excretory-secretory products) and their cellular targets is identifying individual parasite molecules and gene families implicated in immunomodulation, and which hold potential for future human therapy of immunopathological conditions.
流行病学和干预性人体研究以及动物模型实验均强烈表明，寄生虫感染可以预防免疫失调性疾病，如过敏、自身免疫和结肠炎。在这里，我们回顾了寄生虫利用的免疫途径，以下调免疫反应，包括针对旁观者特异性（如过敏原）和寄生虫自身抗原的反应。特别是，我们专注于一个非常有信息量的实验室系统，即小鼠肠道线虫 Heligmosomoides polygyrus，作为宿主-寄生虫相互作用在细胞和分子水平上的可处理模型。对体外释放的分子（如排泄-分泌产物）及其细胞靶标的分析，确定了参与免疫调节的单个寄生虫分子和基因家族，这些分子和家族有可能为未来人类治疗免疫病理状况提供潜在的治疗方法。
