Faculty of Dentistry, The Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2014 Feb;25(2):194-206. doi: 10.1111/clr.12096. Epub 2013 Jan 7.
The width of the facial alveolar bone wall is crucial for long-term successful esthetic outcomes of implants immediately placed into extraction sockets. A threshold of 2 mm is recommended to minimize buccal vertical bone resorption.
To assess the width of the facial alveolar bone wall using cone-beam computed tomography images (CBCT).
Retrospective CBCT images were acquired from a representative sample of Asians using the i-CAT classic system with a 0.4-mm voxel size. At random, 200 CBCT images were selected according to predefined criteria. The DICOM file was imported into the i-CAT Vision software. In the panoramic screen, the middle of each tooth was selected, and in the sagittal window, the middle cross section was selected for performing the measurements using a computer. The vertical distance from the alveolar crest (BC) - cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) was measured. The width of the facial alveolar bone wall was measured at three locations: 1, 3, and 5 mm apical to BC. Descriptive statistics, frequency analyses, and multi-level comparisons were performed.
The sample consisted of 74 men and 126 women (mean age of 37.2 years; range 17-82 years). A total of 3618 teeth were assessed. There was no significant difference between the values of right and left sides, or between genders. However, statistically significant differences were observed between age groups at all levels. The distance from CEJ to BC varied from 0.4 to 4 mm, with an overall tendency to increase with age. The mean width of the facial alveolar bone wall at anterior teeth was 0.9 mm and increased toward posterior regions. Rarely, a width of 2 mm was yielded (0.6-1.8% for anterior teeth, 0.7-30.8% for posterior teeth). At a 5-mm distance from BC, minimal widths of facial alveolar bone were identified for the anterior teeth. The frequency of dehiscence ranged from 9.9% to 51.6% for anterior and 3.1% to 53.6% for posterior teeth, respectively.
A thin facial alveolar bone wall was usually present in both jaws. Hence, for most patients, adjunctive bone augmentation may be needed when installing implants in areas of esthetic concern.
牙槽骨颊侧壁的宽度对于即刻种植体长期成功的美学效果至关重要。建议将 2 毫米作为最小颊侧垂直骨吸收的阈值。
使用锥形束 CT 图像（CBCT）评估颊侧牙槽骨壁的宽度。
使用 i-CAT classic 系统以 0.4 毫米体素大小获取具有代表性的亚洲人群的回顾性 CBCT 图像。根据预设标准，随机选择 200 个 CBCT 图像。将 DICOM 文件导入 i-CAT Vision 软件中。在全景屏幕上，选择每个牙齿的中间，在矢状窗中，选择中间横截面进行测量。从牙槽嵴（BC）-牙釉质-牙骨质界（CEJ）测量垂直距离。在 BC 根尖 1、3 和 5 毫米处测量颊侧牙槽骨壁的宽度。进行描述性统计、频率分析和多级比较。
样本包括 74 名男性和 126 名女性（平均年龄 37.2 岁；年龄范围 17-82 岁）。共评估了 3618 颗牙齿。左右两侧、性别之间无显著差异。然而，各年龄段之间存在统计学上的显著差异。CEJ 到 BC 的距离从 0.4 到 4 毫米不等，总体上随着年龄的增长而增加。前牙颊侧牙槽骨壁的平均宽度为 0.9 毫米，向后部区域逐渐增加。很少有 2 毫米的宽度（前牙为 0.6-1.8%，后牙为 0.7-30.8%）。BC 根尖 5 毫米处，前牙颊侧牙槽骨的最小宽度。前牙的骨开窗频率为 9.9%-51.6%，后牙为 3.1%-53.6%。
上下颌骨通常存在颊侧薄牙槽骨壁。因此，对于大多数患者，在美学关注区域植入种植体时，可能需要辅助骨增量。
