Abdul Rawa Jamal, Abdulateef Darwn Saeed, Fattah Ara Omer, Talabani Ranjdar Mahmood
Oral Diagnosis Department, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq.
Conservative Department, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Dec 6;14(23):2756. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14232756.
The purpose of this study was to measure the bone thickness and angulation of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth on the buccal and palatal/lingual sides and also to analyze the sagittal root position (SRP) in the alveolar bone in relation to age and gender using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in an Iraqi subpopulation. CBCT images of 1200 maxillary and mandibular central and lateral incisors and canines from 100 patients (48 males and 52 females) were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were categorized by age into group I ≤ 25, group II 26-40, and group III ≥ 41 years old. The SRP in the alveolar bone was classified as class I, class II, class III, and class IV, and the buccal type was further classified into subtypes I, II, and III. In addition, the buccolingual inclination of the tooth and buccal/palatal/lingual bone thickness at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds were evaluated and then compared based on age and gender. The data were analyzed using the Pearson chi-square test. Descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the thickness and angulation according to the SRP classes. The mean frequency distribution of SRP of maxillary anterior teeth indicated that most of them were located buccally and were classified as (Class I) and subtype (III). Moreover, for mandibular anterior teeth, the majority were classified as (Class IV) and subtype (II). The mean sagittal angulation of maxillary anterior teeth approximately ranged from 5.9 for tooth 12# to 8.2 for teeth 13# and 23#, while for mandibular anterior teeth it ranged from 7.4 for tooth 33# to 10.3 for tooth 41#. The thickness of bone in the apical third of the buccal side of all maxillary and mandibular teeth was significantly related to age ( < 0.05). In the middle third, the thickness of bone in the buccal and palatal side of all maxillary anterior teeth and in the apical third of most mandibular teeth in the lingual side was significantly higher in males ( < 0.05). A majority of the maxillary anterior tooth roots were positioned close to the buccal cortical plate, while most of the mandibular anterior teeth were engaging both the buccal and lingual cortical plates. Males had more alveolar bone thickness for both maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, and only the apical portion significantly changed with age. CBCT of the buccal and palatal/lingual bone and SRP is recommended for the selection of the appropriate treatment approach and implant placement.
本研究的目的是使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）测量伊拉克某亚人群上颌和下颌前牙颊侧及腭侧/舌侧的骨厚度和角度，并分析牙槽骨中矢状根位置（SRP）与年龄和性别的关系。对100例患者（48例男性和52例女性）的1200颗上颌和下颌中切牙、侧切牙及尖牙的CBCT图像进行回顾性分析。这些患者按年龄分为I组（≤25岁）、II组（26 - 40岁）和III组（≥41岁）。牙槽骨中的SRP分为I类、II类、III类和IV类，颊侧类型进一步分为I、II和III亚型。此外，评估了牙齿的颊舌向倾斜度以及冠部、中部和根尖三分之一处的颊侧/腭侧/舌侧骨厚度，并根据年龄和性别进行比较。数据采用Pearson卡方检验进行分析。描述性统计、Kruskal - Wallis检验和Mann - Whitney U检验用于根据SRP类别比较厚度和角度。上颌前牙SRP的平均频率分布表明，大多数位于颊侧，分类为（I类）和亚型（III）。此外，下颌前牙大多数分类为（IV类）和亚型（II）。上颌前牙的平均矢状角度约为12号牙5.9°至13号牙和23号牙8.2°，而下颌前牙为33号牙7.4°至41号牙10.3°。所有上颌和下颌牙齿颊侧根尖三分之一处的骨厚度与年龄显著相关（<0.05）。在中部三分之一处，所有上颌前牙颊侧和腭侧以及大多数下颌牙齿舌侧根尖三分之一处的骨厚度男性显著更高（<0.05）。大多数上颌前牙根靠近颊侧皮质板，而下颌前牙大多数与颊侧和舌侧皮质板均有接触。男性上颌和下颌前牙的牙槽骨厚度均更大，且只有根尖部分随年龄有显著变化。建议使用颊侧及腭侧/舌侧骨和SRP的CBCT来选择合适的治疗方法和种植体植入位置。
