Centre for Community Child Health, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Rd, Parkville, 3052, Australia.
Pediatrics. 2013 Feb;131(2):e439-45. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-1135. Epub 2013 Jan 6.
To determine changes in height, weight, and BMI of extremely preterm (EPT; gestational age <28 completed weeks) survivors from birth to 18 years of age, compared with term controls.
Birth, discharge, and follow-up at ages 2, 5, 8, and 18 years of consecutive EPT survivors and contemporaneous term controls born in 1991-1992 in Victoria, Australia. Weight, height, and BMI were converted to z scores and compared between groups. Height z scores at age 2 and midparental height z scores were examined as predictors of height z score at age 18 years.
Follow-up rates were >90% until 18 years, when 166 (74%) of 225 EPT subjects and 153 (60%) of 253 controls were assessed. EPT subjects had lower weight z scores than controls at birth, with a much greater difference at discharge, which reduced progressively until age 18 years. EPT children were shorter than controls at all ages, and this difference did not alter greatly over time. BMI z scores were lower in EPT children at younger ages, but by age 18 were similar between groups. Height at age 2 was a better predictor of height at age 18 in EPT participants, compared with midparental height.
EPT survivors were substantially lighter than term controls from birth to late adolescence, although the gap in weight steadily decreased over time from a peak at the time of discharge. The height disadvantage in EPT children compared with controls remained constant over time and BMI scores were similar at age 18 years.
比较极低出生体重儿（EPT；胎龄<28 周）幸存者与足月对照组从出生到 18 岁的身高、体重和 BMI 变化。
连续 EPT 幸存者和同期出生于 1991-1992 年澳大利亚维多利亚州的足月对照组的出生、出院和 2、5、8 和 18 岁的随访。体重、身高和 BMI 转换为 z 分数，并在组间进行比较。2 岁时的身高 z 分数和中亲身高 z 分数被用作 18 岁时身高 z 分数的预测因子。
随访率>90%，直至 18 岁，225 名 EPT 受试者中有 166 名（74%）和 253 名对照组中有 153 名（60%）接受了评估。EPT 患儿出生时的体重 z 分数低于对照组，出院时的差异更大，直到 18 岁时逐渐减小。EPT 患儿在所有年龄段都比对照组矮，而且随着时间的推移，这种差异变化不大。EPT 患儿在年幼时的 BMI z 分数较低，但到 18 岁时两组之间相似。与中亲身高相比，2 岁时的身高是 EPT 参与者 18 岁时身高的更好预测因子。
EPT 幸存者从出生到青春期后期的体重明显低于足月对照组，尽管从出院时的高峰开始，体重差距随着时间的推移逐渐缩小。与对照组相比，EPT 患儿的身高劣势一直保持不变，并且 18 岁时的 BMI 评分相似。
