Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Med Virol. 2013 Apr;85(4):689-95. doi: 10.1002/jmv.23511. Epub 2013 Jan 7.
Immunological mechanisms influencing the risk of mother-to-child cytomegalovirus (CMV) transmission in preterm infants have not been studied sufficiently. In this study, the correlation between maternal and neonatal serum anti-CMV IgG levels and risk of postnatal CMV transmission in preterm infants was assessed. Anti-CMV IgG levels of 79 CMV seropositive mothers and their 94 infants were determined in peripheral blood samples collected within 3 days after delivery. Postnatal CMV infection was detected in 39/94 (41%) infants by PCR on urine at term-equivalent age (gestational age 40 weeks) after congenital infection was excluded. Maternal or infant anti-CMV IgG levels were not significantly different between infants with and without postnatal CMV infection. The anti-CMV IgG infant-mother ratio showed a significant positive correlation with gestational age (range 25-32 weeks, R(2) = 0.218, P < 0.001), reaching 1.0 at 32 weeks of gestation. Anti-CMV IgG infant-mother ratio was significantly lower in infants with postnatal CMV infection (P = 0.015). In conclusion, the risk of postnatal CMV transmission is related to low gestational age and low anti-CMV IgG infant-mother ratio.
免疫机制对早产儿母婴巨细胞病毒（CMV）传播风险的影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究评估了母体和新生儿血清抗 CMV IgG 水平与早产儿产后 CMV 传播风险之间的相关性。在产后 3 天内采集 79 例 CMV 血清阳性母亲及其 94 例婴儿的外周血样本，检测抗 CMV IgG 水平。排除先天性感染后，在足月等效年龄（妊娠 40 周）通过尿液 PCR 检测到 39/94（41%）婴儿发生后天性 CMV 感染。产后 CMV 感染的婴儿与无感染的婴儿的母体或婴儿抗 CMV IgG 水平无显著差异。抗 CMV IgG 婴儿-母亲比值与胎龄呈显著正相关（范围 25-32 周，R²=0.218，P<0.001），在 32 周时达到 1.0。感染 CMV 的婴儿抗 CMV IgG 婴儿-母亲比值显著降低（P=0.015）。总之，产后 CMV 传播的风险与胎龄低和抗 CMV IgG 婴儿-母亲比值低有关。
