Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
J Food Sci. 2013 Jan;78(1):C37-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.03002.x.
The phytochemical content and the antioxidant activity (AA) of physiological drop of the main citrus species grown in China were investigated. Among the flavonoids, hesperidin was found mostly in mandarin and sweet orange, naringin was found mostly in sour orange, pummelo, grapefruit and a hybrid (Gaocheng), narirutin was found in most varieties, neohesperidin was found in Gaocheng and Huyou, and nobiletin and tangeretin were found in most varieties. Hydroxycinnamic acids were the main phenolic acids present, ferulic acid and caffeic acid were the dominant in most cases. There was a greater amount of free (extractable) than bound (insoluble) phenolic acids. Levels of limonoids were higher in Foyou, Eureka lemon, and Gaocheng than those in the other cultivars. The highest level of synephrine was found in Ponkan and Weizhang Satsuma. AA was highest in Ponkan and Weizhang Satsuma and lowest in Huyou, pummel, and lemon. These results suggest that physiological drop of citrus fruits have good potential as sources of different bioactive compounds and antioxidants.
Physiological drop of citrus fruits may be a good resource of bioactive compounds including flavonoids, phenolic acids, limonoids, synephrine, and a good material of nutraceuticals.
研究了中国主要柑橘品种生理落果的植物化学物质含量和抗氧化活性（AA）。在类黄酮中，桔皮苷主要存在于橘和甜橙中，柚皮苷主要存在于酸橙、柚子、葡萄柚和杂种（高橙）中，新橙皮苷主要存在于大多数品种中，柚皮苷主要存在于高橙和胡柚中，川陈皮素和桔皮素主要存在于大多数品种中。羟基肉桂酸是主要的酚酸，大多数情况下，阿魏酸和咖啡酸占主导地位。游离（可提取）酚酸的含量高于结合（不溶性）酚酸。福佑、尤力克柠檬和高橙的柠檬苦素含量高于其他品种。枳实中的柚皮苷含量最高。 Ponkan 和 Weizhang Satsuma 的 AA 最高，而 Huyou、柚子和柠檬的 AA 最低。这些结果表明，柑橘类水果的生理落果具有作为不同生物活性化合物和抗氧化剂来源的良好潜力。
柑橘类水果的生理落果可能是包括类黄酮、酚酸、柠檬苦素、辛弗林在内的生物活性化合物的良好来源，也是营养保健品的良好原料。
