Gramercy Research Group, 500 W 4th St, Ste 203, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2013;10:120088. doi: 10.5888/pcd10.120088.
Randomized trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) program for lowering blood pressure; however, program participation has been limited in some populations. The objective of this pilot study was to test the feasibility of using a culturally modified version of DASH among African Americans in an underresourced community.
This randomized controlled pilot study recruited African Americans in 2 North Carolina neighborhoods who had high blood pressure and used fewer than 3 antihypertension medications. We offered 2 individual and 9 group DASH sessions to intervention participants and 1 individual session and printed DASH educational materials to control participants. We collected data at baseline (March 2010) and 12 weeks (June 2010).
Of 152 potential participants, 25 were randomly assigned to either the intervention (n = 14) or the control (n = 11) group; 22 were women, and 21 were educated beyond high school. At baseline, mean blood pressure was 130/78 mm Hg; 19 participants used antihypertension medications, and mean body mass index was 35.9 kg/m(2). Intervention participants attended 7 of 9 group sessions on average. After 12 weeks, we observed significant increases in fruit and vegetable consumption and increases in participants' confidence in their ability to reduce salt and fat consumption and eat healthier snacks in intervention compared with control participants. We found no significant decreases in blood pressure.
Implementation of a culturally modified, community-based DASH intervention was feasible in our small sample of African Americans, which included people being treated for high blood pressure. Future studies should evaluate the long-term effect of this program in a larger sample.
随机试验已经证明了饮食方法防治高血压(DASH)计划对于降低血压的有效性;然而,在某些人群中,该计划的参与率有限。本试点研究的目的是在资源匮乏的社区中,测试对非裔美国人使用经过文化调整的 DASH 版本的可行性。
本随机对照试点研究招募了北卡罗来纳州两个社区中有高血压且使用少于 3 种抗高血压药物的非裔美国人。我们为干预组参与者提供了 2 次个人和 9 次小组 DASH 课程,为对照组参与者提供了 1 次个人课程和 DASH 教育材料。我们在基线(2010 年 3 月)和 12 周(2010 年 6 月)收集数据。
在 152 名潜在参与者中,有 25 名被随机分配到干预组(n=14)或对照组(n=11);22 名是女性,21 名受教育程度高于高中。基线时,平均血压为 130/78mmHg;19 名参与者使用抗高血压药物,平均体重指数为 35.9kg/m²。干预组参与者平均参加了 9 次小组课程中的 7 次。12 周后,我们观察到干预组参与者的水果和蔬菜摄入量显著增加,参与者对减少盐和脂肪摄入以及食用更健康零食的能力的信心也有所增强,而对照组参与者则没有显著变化。我们没有发现血压明显下降。
在我们的小型非裔美国人样本中,实施经过文化调整的基于社区的 DASH 干预是可行的,其中包括正在接受高血压治疗的人群。未来的研究应在更大的样本中评估该计划的长期效果。