Soto-Añari Marcio, Flores-Valdivia Gilda, Fernández-Guinea Sara
Universidad Católica San Pablo.
Rev Neurol. 2013 Jan 16;56(2):79-85.
Cognitive reserve modulates between neurodegenerative processes and the clinical manifestations of cognitive impairment and dementia. This construct is associated with the capacity to optimise the execution of tasks by recruiting neuronal networks and with the use of alternative cognitive strategies that would be mediated by formal educational processes.
To analyse the level of reading skills as a measure of cognitive reserve and as a reliable predictor of performance in tests for evaluating different cognitive domains.
The sample consisted of 87 healthy subjects who were asked to complete the Word Naming test as an indicator of the level of reading skills; this allowed us to divide the sample into subjects with a low and a high level of reading ability. A broad neuropsychological battery was then applied.
The subjects with a low level of reading skills displayed lower general cognitive performance, reduced processing speed and cognitive deficits. Furthermore, the level of reading skills is a better predictor of performance in executive functions and general cognitive performance than the variables age, years of schooling and education.
The level of reading skills has shown itself to be a good measure of cognitive reserve and a reliable predictor of executive and cognitive functioning in ageing.
认知储备在神经退行性变过程与认知障碍及痴呆的临床表现之间起调节作用。这一概念与通过募集神经网络优化任务执行的能力以及由正规教育过程介导的使用替代认知策略相关。
分析阅读技能水平作为认知储备的一种衡量指标以及评估不同认知领域测试中表现的可靠预测指标。
样本包括87名健康受试者，他们被要求完成单词命名测试以作为阅读技能水平的指标；这使我们能够将样本分为阅读能力低水平和高水平的受试者。随后应用了一套广泛的神经心理学测试。
阅读技能水平低的受试者表现出较低的总体认知能力、较慢的处理速度和认知缺陷。此外，与年龄、受教育年限和教育程度等变量相比，阅读技能水平是执行功能和总体认知表现的更好预测指标。
阅读技能水平已证明是认知储备的良好衡量指标以及衰老过程中执行和认知功能的可靠预测指标。
