Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology Department, , Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
Emerg Med J. 2014 Jan;31(1):41-4. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2011-200511. Epub 2013 Jan 10.
Ambulance workers are regularly exposed to call-outs, which are potentially psychologically traumatic. The ability to remain objective and make adaptive appraisals during call-outs may be beneficial to this at-risk population. This pilot study investigated the links between cognitive appraisals, objectivity and coping in ambulance workers.
Forty-five ambulance workers from the London Ambulance Service, UK, were studied. Trauma exposure, post-traumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms were assessed using self-report measures. Positive and negative appraisals were measured in relation to two previous call-outs: one during which they coped well and one during which they did not.
Enhanced coping was associated with making more positive appraisals during the call-out. Better coping was also related to greater levels of objectivity during these call-outs. Coping less well was associated with the use of more negative appraisals during the call-out.
Ambulance workers may benefit from psychological interventions, which focus on cognitive reappraisal and enhancing objectivity to improve coping and resilience.
急救人员经常会接到出诊电话，这些电话可能会给他们带来心理创伤。在出诊时保持客观并进行适应性评估的能力可能对这一高危人群有益。本试点研究调查了认知评估、客观性和急救人员应对方式之间的联系。
研究对象为英国伦敦急救中心的 45 名急救人员。使用自我报告量表评估创伤暴露、创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症状。在两次出诊中评估了积极和消极的评估：一次是他们应对良好的出诊，另一次是他们应对不佳的出诊。
在出诊过程中做出更多积极的评估与更好的应对方式有关。在这些出诊中，更好的应对方式也与更高的客观性水平有关。应对能力较差与在出诊过程中使用更多的消极评估有关。
心理干预可能使急救人员受益，这些干预措施侧重于认知再评估和增强客观性，以提高应对能力和韧性。
