Bennett Paul, Williams Yvette, Page Nicola, Hood Kerenza, Woollard Malcolm, Vetter Norman
Department of Psychology, University of Wales, Swansea, UK.
Br J Clin Psychol. 2005 Jun;44(Pt 2):215-26. doi: 10.1348/014466505X29639.
This study examined the prevalence and correlates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and depression among emergency ambulance personnel.
A questionnaire and reminder were sent anonymously to 1029 emergency ambulance personnel in a large ambulance service.
Among the 617 respondents, levels of PTSD symptoms did not differ according to grade, but men had a higher prevalence rate than women. Key predictors of the severity of symptoms were organizational stress, the frequency of experiencing potentially traumatic incidents, length of service, and dissociation in response to an index incident. The degree of organizational, but not incident-related, stress discriminated between 'cases' and 'non-cases'. Nine and 23% of recorded scores indicated clinical levels of depression and anxiety respectively. Several work factors were associated with these emotions, explaining 38% of anxiety and 31% of depression scores.
Both organizational and individually based interventions may be necessary to minimize PTSD and other emotional disorders among ambulance personnel.
本研究调查了急诊救护人员中创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、焦虑和抑郁的患病率及其相关因素。
向一家大型救护服务机构的1029名急诊救护人员匿名发送了一份问卷及提醒。
在617名受访者中，PTSD症状水平不因职级而异，但男性患病率高于女性。症状严重程度的关键预测因素包括组织压力、经历潜在创伤事件的频率、工作年限以及对某一索引事件的解离反应。组织压力程度（而非与事件相关的压力程度）在“病例”和“非病例”之间存在差异。记录分数中分别有9%和23%表明存在临床水平的抑郁和焦虑。若干工作因素与这些情绪有关，可解释焦虑分数的38%和抑郁分数的31%。
可能需要基于组织和个人的干预措施，以尽量减少救护人员中的PTSD及其他情绪障碍。
