Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Aug 1;131(3):278-83. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.12.019. Epub 2013 Jan 9.
This study investigated circumstances of initiating new-type drug use among adult new-type drug users and differences among those who first used methamphetamine, ecstasy and ketamine.
A total of 276 participants were recruited, using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) from nine seeds recruited through NGOs, social workers and outreach workers in Shanghai, China.
Methamphetamine was the most frequently reported first new-type drug used (37.1%), followed by ecstasy (35.6%) and ketamine (20.0%). 38.7% of participants initiated new-type drug use before the age of 21 years. 47.8% knew at initiation that club drugs can be harmful. Most were introduced to new-type drug use by friends, spouses or boy/girlfriends. The three most common reasons for initiation were curiosity, peer influence, and wishing to dull one's emotions. Those first using methamphetamine were more likely to be female, have a monthly individual income less than 3000 Yuan (approx. $476), initiate use at 21 years or older and at private setting than those first using ecstasy and ketamine.
There is an urgent need for drug education efforts in China to raise awareness of the harms of new-type drugs, as well as to increase knowledge about the paradox of new-type drug effects. Drug prevention and intervention programs should be tailore to target populations and their social context.
本研究调查了成年新型毒品使用者初次使用新型毒品的情况，以及初次使用冰毒、摇头丸和氯胺酮者之间的差异。
本研究共招募了 276 名参与者，采用通过非政府组织、社会工作者和外展工作者招募的 9 名种子参与者的回应驱动抽样（RDS）在中国上海进行。
报告初次使用的最常见新型毒品是冰毒（37.1%），其次是摇头丸（35.6%）和氯胺酮（20.0%）。38.7%的参与者在 21 岁之前开始使用新型毒品。47.8%的人在开始使用时就知道俱乐部毒品可能有害。大多数人是通过朋友、配偶或男女朋友开始使用新型毒品。初次使用冰毒的三个最常见原因是好奇、同伴影响和希望缓解情绪。初次使用冰毒的人更有可能是女性，月个人收入低于 3000 元（约合 476 美元），在 21 岁或以上在私人场所开始使用，而初次使用摇头丸和氯胺酮的人则更有可能是男性，月个人收入高于 3000 元，在 21 岁或以下在公共场所以及在朋友的介绍下开始使用。
中国迫切需要开展毒品教育工作，提高人们对新型毒品危害的认识，增加对新型毒品效应悖论的了解。毒品预防和干预计划应针对目标人群及其社会背景进行定制。
