Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Département Mathématiques, Informatique, Automatique, Université de Toulouse, 10 avenue E. Belin 31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
Neuroimage. 2013 May 1;71:19-29. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.12.060. Epub 2013 Jan 9.
In aeronautics, plan continuation error (PCE) represents failure to revise a flight plan despite emerging evidence suggesting that it is no longer safe. Assuming that PCE may be associated with a shift from cold to hot reasoning, we hypothesized that this transition may result from a large range of strong negative emotional influences linked with the decision to abort a landing and circle for a repeat attempt, referred to as a "go-around". We investigated this hypothesis by combining functional neuroimaging with an ecologically valid aviation task performed under contextual variation in incentive and situational uncertainty. Our goal was to identify regional brain activity related to the sorts of conservative or liberal decision-making strategies engaged when participants were both exposed to a financial payoff matrix constructed to bias responses in favor of landing acceptance, while they were simultaneously experiencing maximum levels of uncertainty related to high levels of stimulus ambiguity. Combined with the observed behavioral outcomes, our neuroimaging results revealed a shift from cold to hot decision making in response to high uncertainty when participants were exposed to the financial incentive. Most notably, while we observed activity increases in response to uncertainty in many frontal regions such as dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), less overall activity was observed when the reward was combined with uncertainty. Moreover, participants with poor decision making, quantified as a lower discriminability index d', exhibited riskier behavior coupled with lower activity in the right DLPFC. These outcomes suggest a disruptive effect of biased financial incentive and high uncertainty on the rational decision-making neural network, and consequently, on decision relevance.
在航空航天领域，计划续行错误（PCE）表示尽管出现了表明飞行计划不再安全的证据，但仍未修改飞行计划。假设 PCE 可能与从冷推理到热推理的转变有关，我们假设这种转变可能是由于与决定中止着陆并盘旋再次尝试相关的一系列强烈的负面情绪影响所致，我们称之为“复飞”。我们通过将功能神经影像学与在激励和情境不确定性的上下文变化下执行的生态有效航空任务相结合，研究了这一假设。我们的目标是确定与参与者在同时面临与高刺激不确定性相关的最大程度的不确定性时，同时暴露于偏向于着陆接受的财务收益矩阵构建的情况下所采用的保守或自由决策策略相关的区域大脑活动。结合观察到的行为结果，我们的神经影像学结果表明，当参与者面临高不确定性时，从冷决策转变为热决策。值得注意的是，当我们观察到许多前额区域（如背外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC）和前扣带皮层（ACC））对不确定性的反应增加时，当奖励与不确定性结合时，观察到的总体活动减少。此外，决策能力较差的参与者（以较低的辨别指数 d'表示）表现出风险行为，并伴随着右 DLPFC 活动降低。这些结果表明，有偏差的财务激励和高不确定性对理性决策神经网络产生了破坏性影响，进而对决策相关性产生了影响。
