Krug A, Cabanis M, Pyka M, Pauly K, Walter H, Landsberg M, Shah N Jon, Winterer G, Wölwer W, Musso F, Müller B W, Wiedemann G, Herrlich J, Schnell K, Vogeley K, Schilbach L, Langohr K, Rapp A, Klingberg S, Kircher T
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.
Behav Brain Res. 2014 Mar 15;261:89-96. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.12.013. Epub 2013 Dec 16.
Decision-making is an everyday routine that entails several subprocesses. Decisions under uncertainty occur when either prior information is incomplete or the outcomes of the decision are unclear. The aim of the present study was to disentangle the neural correlates of information gathering as well as reaching a decision and to explore effects of uncertainty acceptance or avoidance in a large sample of healthy subjects. Sixty-four healthy volunteers performed a decision-making under uncertainty task in a multi-center approach while BOLD signal was measured with fMRI. Subjects either had to indicate via button press from which of two bottles red or blue balls were drawn (decision-making under uncertainty condition), or they had to indicate whether 8 red balls had been presented (baseline condition). During the information gathering phase (contrasted against the counting phase) a widespread network was found encompassing (pre-)frontal, inferior temporal and inferior parietal cortices. Reaching a decision was correlated with activations in the medial frontal cortex as well as the posterior cingulate and the precuneus. Effects of uncertainty acceptance were found within a network comprising of the superior frontal cortex as well as the insula and precuneus while uncertainty avoidance was correlated with activations in the right middle frontal cortex. The results depict two distinct networks for information gathering and the indication of having made a decision. While information-gathering networks are modulated by uncertainty avoidance and - acceptance, underlying networks of the decision itself are independent of these factors.
决策是一种涉及多个子过程的日常活动。当先前信息不完整或决策结果不明确时，就会出现不确定性条件下的决策。本研究的目的是厘清信息收集以及做出决策的神经关联，并在大量健康受试者样本中探索不确定性接受或回避的影响。64名健康志愿者采用多中心方法进行了一项不确定性条件下的决策任务，同时用功能磁共振成像测量血氧水平依赖（BOLD）信号。受试者要么必须通过按键指出从两个瓶子中的哪一个抽取了红色或蓝色球（不确定性条件下的决策），要么必须指出是否呈现了8个红色球（基线条件）。在信息收集阶段（与计数阶段对比），发现一个广泛的网络，包括（前额）额叶、颞下回和顶下小叶皮质。做出决策与内侧额叶皮质以及后扣带回和楔前叶的激活相关。在一个由额上回以及脑岛和楔前叶组成的网络中发现了不确定性接受的影响，而不确定性回避与右侧额中回的激活相关。结果描绘了用于信息收集和做出决策指示的两个不同网络。虽然信息收集网络受到不确定性回避和接受的调节，但决策本身的基础网络与这些因素无关。
