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中美洲内生节菱孢属真菌产生具有生物和燃料潜力的挥发性有机化合物。

An endophytic Nodulisporium sp. from Central America producing volatile organic compounds with both biological and fuel potential.

机构信息

Microbial Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu-180 001, India.

出版信息

J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2013 Jan;23(1):29-35. doi: 10.4014/jmb.1208.04062.

Abstract

A Nodulisporium sp. (Hypoxylon sp.) has been isolated as an endophyte of Thelypteris angustifolia (Broadleaf Leaf Maiden Fern) in a rainforest region of Central America. It has been identified both on the basis of its morphological characteristics and by scanning electron microscopy as well as ITS sequence analysis. The endophyte produces volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that have both fuel (mycodiesel) and use for biological control of plant disease. When grown on potato dextrose agar, the organism uniquely produces a series of ketones, including acetone; 2-pentanone; 3-hexanone, 4-methyl; 3-hexanone, 2,4- dimethyl; 2-hexanone, 4-methyl, and 5-hepten, 2-one and these account for about 25% of the total VOCs. The most abundant identified VOC was 1,8 cineole, which is commonly detected in this group of organisms. Other prominent VOCs produced by this endophyte include 1-butanol, 2- methyl, and phenylethanol alcohol. Moreover, of interest was the presence of cyclohexane, propyl, which is a common ingredient of diesel fuel. Furthermore, the VOCs of this isolate of Nodulisporium sp. were selectively active against a number of plant pathogens, and upon a 24 h exposure caused death to Phytophthora palmivora, Rhizoctonia solani, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and 100% inhibition to Phytophthora cinnamomi with only slight to no inhibition of the other pathogens that were tested. From this work, it is becoming increasingly apparent that each isolate of this endophytic Nodulisporium spp., including the Daldina sp. and Hypoxylon spp. teleomorphs, seems to produce its own unique set of VOCs.

摘要

一种节菱孢菌(Hypoxylon sp.)已被分离为中美洲热带雨林地区宽叶叶蕨(Thelypteris angustifolia)的内生菌。它是根据其形态特征、扫描电子显微镜以及 ITS 序列分析来鉴定的。内生菌产生挥发性有机化合物(VOCs),既有燃料(真菌柴油)又可用于植物病害的生物防治。当在土豆葡萄糖琼脂上生长时,该生物体独特地产生一系列酮类化合物,包括丙酮;2-戊酮;3-己酮,4-甲基;3-己酮,2,4-二甲基;2-己酮,4-甲基和 5-庚烯,2-酮,这些占总 VOCs 的约 25%。鉴定出的最丰富的 VOC 是 1,8-桉树脑,通常在该组生物体中检测到。这种内生菌产生的其他突出的 VOC 包括 1-丁醇,2-甲基和苯乙醇。此外,值得注意的是存在环已烷,丙基,这是柴油燃料的常见成分。此外,该节菱孢菌分离株的 VOC 对多种植物病原体具有选择性活性,在 24 小时暴露后,导致疫霉菌、丝核菌和核盘菌死亡,对樟疫霉菌的抑制率达到 100%,而对其他测试病原体的抑制率仅略有抑制或无抑制。从这项工作中可以明显看出,这种内生节菱孢菌的每个分离株,包括 Daldina sp. 和 Hypoxylon spp. 的同宗配合物,似乎都产生自己独特的 VOC 组合。

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