Cain Mary A, Bornick Patricia, Whiteman Valerie
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33606, USA.
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Mar;56(1):124-32. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e31827ae167.
Despite multiple efforts to reduce the use of illicit drugs, the epidemic of addiction continues to be a significant public health issue. Through its easy availability, the number of people afflicted with this addiction continues to rise, including women of childbearing age. Secondarily, any health care crisis that occurs in this age group of women will have potential implications in pregnancy, infancy, and childhood. The use of cocaine alone or in conjunction with other illicit drugs, combined with the normal physiological cardiovascular changes in pregnancy, leads to a myriad of pathophysiological changes, thereby placing the life of the pregnant cocaine user, as well as the health status of their unborn fetus and neonate at risk for adverse outcomes. As more data are available, the long-term physical, mental, and developmental sequelae for children exposed to cocaine in utero prove that this public health crisis has serious implications. The pregnancy-specific maternal, fetal, and neonatal risks of cocaine use during the antepartum period are reviewed.
尽管为减少非法药物的使用做出了多项努力，但成瘾问题仍是一个重大的公共卫生问题。由于其易于获取，受此成瘾问题影响的人数持续上升，包括育龄妇女。其次，这一年龄段女性发生的任何医疗危机都可能对妊娠、婴儿期和儿童期产生潜在影响。单独使用可卡因或与其他非法药物联合使用，再加上孕期正常的生理性心血管变化，会导致无数的病理生理变化，从而使使用可卡因的孕妇及其未出生胎儿和新生儿的生命面临不良后果的风险。随着更多数据的出现，子宫内接触可卡因的儿童的长期身体、心理和发育后遗症证明，这一公共卫生危机具有严重影响。本文综述了产前使用可卡因对孕妇、胎儿和新生儿的特定妊娠风险。
