Gangu Karthik, Bobba Aniesh, Basida Sanket D, Avula Sindhu, Chela Harleen, Singh Simranjit
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Ohio, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Feb 10;14(2):e22090. doi: 10.7759/cureus.22090. eCollection 2022 Feb.
Objective About 41 million people aged ≥18 years reported lifetime use of cocaine, and 5.4 million people reported having used cocaine in 2019. We aim to identify trends of cocaine use, manifestations, concomitant drug use, and financial burden on health care among hospitalized patients. Methods We utilized National Inpatient Sample from years 2006-2018. Patients with age ≥18 years, admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of cocaine abuse, dependence, poisoning, or unspecified cocaine use were included in the study. We used ICD-9 Clinical Modification (CM) and ICD-10-CM codes to retrieve patient samples and comorbid conditions. The primary outcome was the trend in cocaine use among hospitalized patients from the year 2006 to 2018. Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test was used to assess the significance of trends. Results In the year 2006, the prevalence of cocaine abuse among hospitalized patients was 10,751 per million with an initial decline to 7,451 per million in 2012 and a subsequent increase to 11,891 per million hospitalized patients in 2018 with p =0.01. The majority of patients admitted were older than 50 years (43.27%), and a greater percentage of patients were males. All ethnicities showed a rising trend in the use of cocaine except for Native Americans. Cardiovascular effects, neuropsychiatric and infectious manifestations in hospitalized patients with cocaine abuse showed a consistent increase from year 2006 to 2018 with p <0.001. Conclusions There is a recent uptrend in cocaine use among hospital admissions in the US from 2006 to 2018 with an increased rate of systemic manifestations. This highlights the impact of cocaine use on the health system and the dire need to address this growing problem.
目的 约4100万18岁及以上人群报告有终生使用可卡因史，2019年有540万人报告使用过可卡因。我们旨在确定住院患者中可卡因使用的趋势、表现、合并用药情况以及医疗保健的经济负担。方法 我们使用了2006 - 2018年的全国住院患者样本。年龄≥18岁、因可卡因滥用、依赖、中毒或未明确的可卡因使用诊断而入院的患者被纳入研究。我们使用国际疾病分类第九版临床修订本（ICD - 9 CM）和国际疾病分类第十版临床修订本（ICD - 10 CM）编码来检索患者样本和合并症。主要结局是2006年至2018年住院患者中可卡因使用的趋势。采用 Cochr an - Mantel - Haenszel检验评估趋势的显著性。结果 2006年，住院患者中可卡因滥用的患病率为每百万10751例，最初在2012年降至每百万7451例，随后在2018年又升至每百万住院患者11891例，p = 0.01。大多数入院患者年龄超过50岁（43.27%），男性患者比例更高。除美洲原住民外，所有种族的可卡因使用均呈上升趋势。2006年至2018年，可卡因滥用住院患者的心血管效应、神经精神和感染表现持续增加，p < 0.001。结论 2006年至2018年美国住院患者中可卡因使用呈上升趋势且全身表现发生率增加。这凸显了可卡因使用对卫生系统的影响以及解决这一日益严重问题的迫切需求。
