Centre for Demographic Research, New Economic School, Nakhimovskii Prospekt 47, 117418 Moscow, Russia.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2013 Mar-Apr;48(2):215-21. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/ags132. Epub 2013 Jan 11.
This study compared the level of alcohol mortality in tsarist and contemporary Russia.
Cross-sectional and annual time-series data from 1870 to 1894, 2008 and 2009 on the mortality rate from deaths due to 'drunkenness' were compared for men in the 50 provinces of tsarist 'European Russia': an area that today corresponds with the territory occupied by the Baltic countries, Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine and the Russian provinces to the west of the Ural Mountains.
In 1870-1894, the male death rate from 'drunkenness' in the Russian provinces (15.9 per 100,000) was much higher than in the non-Russian provinces. However, the rate recorded in Russia in the contemporary period was even higher--23.3.
Russia has had high levels of alcohol mortality from at least the late 19th century onwards. While a dangerous drinking pattern and spirits consumption may underpin high alcohol mortality across time, the seemingly much higher levels in the contemporary period seem to be also driven by an unprecedented level of consumption, and also possibly, surrogate alcohol use. This study highlights the urgent need to reduce the level of alcohol consumption among the population in order to reduce high levels of alcohol mortality in contemporary Russia.
本研究比较了沙俄和当代俄罗斯的酒精死亡率水平。
对 1870 年至 1894 年、2008 年和 2009 年横断和年度时间序列数据进行比较，这些数据涉及 50 个沙俄“欧洲俄罗斯”省份男性因“醉酒”导致的死亡率：该地区今天对应于波罗的海国家、白俄罗斯、摩尔多瓦、乌克兰和乌拉尔山脉以西的俄罗斯省份的领土。
1870-1894 年，俄罗斯省份男性因“醉酒”导致的死亡率（每 10 万人 15.9 人）远高于非俄罗斯省份。然而，当代俄罗斯的死亡率更高，达到 23.3。
至少从 19 世纪末开始，俄罗斯的酒精死亡率一直很高。虽然危险的饮酒模式和烈酒消费可能是导致酒精死亡率长期居高不下的原因，但在当代时期，酒精死亡率似乎更高，这似乎也与前所未有的消费水平以及可能的替代酒精使用有关。本研究强调迫切需要减少人口的酒精消费，以降低当代俄罗斯的高酒精死亡率。
