Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Ann Emerg Med. 2013 Apr;61(4):480-3. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.11.021. Epub 2013 Jan 12.
In recent years, synthetic cathinones, often labeled as "bath salts" in an attempt to evade drug laws, have emerged as substances of abuse. Sympathomimetic drugs are well known to cause rhabdomyolysis but are rarely associated with acute compartment syndrome. In this case series, we describe 3 patients who presented with sympathomimetic signs or symptoms including hyperthermia and agitation and had confirmed synthetic cathinone use. All 3 patients had severe rhabdomyolysis with delayed development of an acute compartment syndrome. Two patients developed paraspinal compartment syndromes, whereas 1 developed bilateral forearm compartment syndromes. Management included fasciotomy in 2 patients and medical management in the third. Two of the 3 patients made a complete recovery before hospital discharge; the third patient was hemodialysis dependent at 5-month follow-up.
近年来，合成卡西酮（通常被贴上“浴盐”标签以逃避毒品法）作为滥用物质出现。拟交感神经药物众所周知会引起横纹肌溶解症，但很少与急性间隔综合征相关。在本病例系列中，我们描述了 3 名出现拟交感神经症状或体征（包括高热和躁动）且已证实使用合成卡西酮的患者。所有 3 名患者均出现严重的横纹肌溶解症，随后发展为急性间隔综合征。2 名患者发生了脊柱旁间隔综合征，而 1 名患者发生了双侧前臂间隔综合征。治疗包括 2 名患者进行筋膜切开术和 1 名患者进行药物治疗。3 名患者中有 2 名在出院前完全康复；第 3 名患者在 5 个月随访时仍依赖血液透析。
