JASCO Corporation, 2967-5 Ishikawa-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-8537, Japan.
J Biosci Bioeng. 2013 Jun;115(6):590-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.12.008. Epub 2013 Jan 11.
In the early days of supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), it was categorized as high-pressure or dense gas chromatography (HPGC or DGC) and low boiling point hydrocarbons were used as supercritical mobile phase. Various liquids and gases were examined, however, by the late 1970s, carbon dioxide (CO₂) became the most preferred fluid because it has low critical temperature (31.1°C) and relatively low critical pressure (7.38 MPa); in addition, it is non-toxic, non-flammable and inexpensive. A prototype of a modern packed-column SFC instrument appeared in the late 1970s. However, in the 1980s, as open tubular capillary columns appeared and there was keen competition with packed columns. And packed-column SFC at once became less popular, but it regained popularity in the early 1990s. The history of SFC was of "the rise and fall." Advances in chiral stationary phase took place in the early 1990s made packed-column SFC truly useful chiral separation method and SFC is now regarded as an inevitable separation tool both in analytical and preparative separation.
在超临界流体色谱（SFC）的早期，它被归类为高压或高密度气体色谱（HPGC 或 DGC），并使用低沸点碳氢化合物作为超临界流动相。然而，各种液体和气体都进行了研究，到 20 世纪 70 年代末，二氧化碳（CO₂）成为最受欢迎的流体，因为它的临界温度（31.1°C）低，临界压力（7.38 MPa）相对较低；此外，它无毒、不可燃且价格低廉。20 世纪 70 年代末出现了现代填充柱 SFC 仪器的原型。然而，到了 20 世纪 80 年代，随着开管毛细管柱的出现，与填充柱的竞争非常激烈。填充柱 SFC 立即变得不那么受欢迎，但在 20 世纪 90 年代初又重新流行起来。SFC 的历史是“兴衰”的历史。20 世纪 90 年代手性固定相的进步使填充柱 SFC 成为真正有用的手性分离方法，现在 SFC 被认为是分析和制备分离中不可或缺的分离工具。
