Department of Odontology, Section for Cariology, Endodontics, Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Braz Oral Res. 2012;26 Suppl 1:64-70. doi: 10.1590/s1806-83242012000700010.
Recent insights in medical science indicate that human biofilms play an important role in health and well-being, and have put microbiota modulation through bacteriotherapy into focus. In dentistry, bacterial interference with probiotic bacteria to support the stability and diversity of oral biofilms has gained similar interest. Investigations in vitro into metabolic activity, co-aggregation, growth inhibition, bacteriocin production, and adhesion have collectively suggested a potential role for probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria to modulate the oral microbial ecology. Likewise, short-term clinical studies with intermediate microbial endpoints indicate that interference with caries-associated bacteria seems possible through probiotic dairy products, tablets, lozenges and chewing gum in various dose regimens. Few randomized controlled clinical trials with caries outcomes are available, but three studies with preschool children and the elderly have demonstrated preventive fractions between 21% and 75%, following regular intake of milk supplemented with probiotic lactobacilli. However, further large-scale trials with orally derived anti-caries candidates are needed before we can say that we are ready for bacteriotherapy as an adjunct to complement the existing evidence-based methods for preventing and controlling caries in daily practice.
最近的医学科学研究表明，人类生物膜在健康和幸福中起着重要作用，并且已经将通过细菌疗法调节微生物群落纳入研究重点。在牙科领域，通过细菌干扰益生菌来支持口腔生物膜的稳定性和多样性也引起了类似的关注。体外研究表明，代谢活性、共聚、生长抑制、细菌素产生和黏附共同表明益生菌乳杆菌和双歧杆菌可能具有调节口腔微生物生态的作用。同样，具有中间微生物终点的短期临床研究表明，通过益生菌乳制品、片剂、含片和咀嚼糖，以不同剂量方案干扰与龋齿相关的细菌是可能的。可用的龋齿结局的随机对照临床试验很少，但三项针对学龄前儿童和老年人的研究表明，在定期摄入添加益生菌乳杆菌的牛奶后，预防龋齿的比例在 21%至 75%之间。然而，在我们准备将细菌疗法作为补充现有循证方法的辅助手段，以预防和控制日常实践中的龋齿之前，还需要进行更多基于口腔来源的抗龋齿候选物的大规模试验。
