使用离子选择性液体膜微电极监测细胞内外的离子活度。

Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

Sensors (Basel). 2013 Jan 15;13(1):984-1003. doi: 10.3390/s130100984.

Determining the effective concentration (i.e., activity) of ions in and around living cells is important to our understanding of the contribution of those ions to cellular function. Moreover, monitoring changes in ion activities in and around cells is informative about the actions of the transporters and/or channels operating in the cell membrane. The activity of an ion can be measured using a glass microelectrode that includes in its tip a liquid-membrane doped with an ion-selective ionophore. Because these electrodes can be fabricated with tip diameters that are less than 1 μm, they can be used to impale single cells in order to monitor the activities of intracellular ions. This review summarizes the history, theory, and practice of ion-selective microelectrode use and brings together a number of classic and recent examples of their usefulness in the realm of physiological study.

确定活细胞内外离子的有效浓度（即活性）对于我们理解这些离子对细胞功能的贡献非常重要。此外，监测细胞内外离子活性的变化可以提供有关在细胞膜中运行的转运体和/或通道的作用的信息。可以使用玻璃微电极来测量离子的活性，该电极的尖端包含掺杂有离子选择性离子载体的液体膜。由于这些电极可以用尖端直径小于 1μm 的方式制造，因此可以用于刺穿单个细胞以监测细胞内离子的活性。本综述总结了离子选择性微电极使用的历史、理论和实践，并汇集了它们在生理研究领域的一些经典和最新的有用示例。