National Center for Epidemiology, Budapest, Hungary.
Euro Surveill. 2013 Jan 10;18(2):20352.
Healthcare-associated infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms are associated with prolonged medical care, worse outcome and costly therapies. In Hungary, hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) due to epidemiologically important multidrug-resistant organisms are notifiable by law since 2004. Overall, 6,845 case-patients (59.8% men; median age: 65 years) were notified in Hungary from 2005 to 2010. One third of case-patients died in hospital. The overall incidence of infections increased from 5.4 in 2005 to 14.7 per 100,000 patient-days in 2010. Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was the most frequently reported pathogen (52.2%), but while its incidence seemed to stabilise after 2007, notifications of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms have significantly increased from 2005 to 2010. Surgical wound and bloodstream were the most frequently reported sites of infection. Although MRSA incidence has seemingly reached a plateau in recent years, actions aiming at reducing the burden of HAIs with special focus on Gram-negative multidrug-resistant organisms are needed in Hungary. Continuing promotion of antimicrobial stewardship, infection control methodologies, reinforced HAI surveillance among healthcare and infection control practitioners, and engagement of stakeholders, hospital managers and public health authorities to facilitate the implementation of existing guidelines and protocols are essential.
医疗保健相关感染由多药耐药生物体引起，与延长医疗护理、较差的结果和昂贵的治疗有关。在匈牙利，自 2004 年以来，医院获得性感染（HAI）由具有流行病学重要性的多药耐药生物体引起，依法必须报告。总体而言，2005 年至 2010 年期间，匈牙利共报告了 6845 例病例患者（59.8%为男性；中位数年龄：65 岁）。三分之一的病例患者在医院死亡。总的感染发生率从 2005 年的 5.4 例/10 万患者日增加到 2010 年的 14.7 例/10 万患者日。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）是最常报告的病原体（52.2%），但自 2007 年以来，其发病率似乎趋于稳定，而耐多药革兰氏阴性生物体的报告则从 2005 年到 2010 年显著增加。手术部位和血流是最常报告的感染部位。尽管近年来 MRSA 的发病率似乎已经达到了一个平台期，但匈牙利仍需要采取行动来降低 HAI 的负担，特别是针对革兰氏阴性多药耐药生物体。继续推广抗菌药物管理、感染控制方法、加强医疗保健和感染控制从业者的 HAI 监测，并让利益相关者、医院管理者和公共卫生当局参与，以促进现有指南和方案的实施，这是至关重要的。
