Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK.
Neuroimage. 2014 Feb 1;86:19-27. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.01.009. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
Quantification of a number of neurochemicals within localised regions of tissue has long been possible using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS). In recent years, MRS has increasingly been utilised as a method to indirectly assess neuronal activity in vivo, primarily via measurement of the major neurotransmitters glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). To date a number of studies have highlighted relationships between local GABA levels and behaviour, and have demonstrated the modulation of GABA by protocols designed to induce synaptic plasticity. This review aims to examine the literature on MRS-assessed GABA changes in synaptic plasticity, focussing on the primary motor cortex (M1), to relate these to animal studies on the role of GABA in synaptic plasticity, and to highlight some of the important outstanding questions in interpreting MRS findings.
使用磁共振波谱（MRS）对组织局部区域的多种神经化学物质进行定量分析已经成为可能。近年来，MRS 越来越多地被用作一种间接评估活体神经元活动的方法，主要通过测量主要神经递质谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）来实现。迄今为止，许多研究都强调了局部 GABA 水平与行为之间的关系，并证明了通过设计诱导突触可塑性的方案来调节 GABA。本综述旨在检查关于 MRS 评估突触可塑性中 GABA 变化的文献，重点关注初级运动皮层（M1），将这些变化与 GABA 在突触可塑性中的作用的动物研究联系起来，并强调解释 MRS 发现的一些重要问题。
