Hatvani Lóránt, Sabolić Petra, Kocsubé Sándor, Kredics László, Czifra Dorina, Vágvölgyi Csaba, Kaliterna Joško, Ivić Dario, Đermić Edyta, Kosalec Ivan
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2012 Dec;63(4):481-7. doi: 10.2478/10004-1254-63-2012-2220.
Green mould disease, caused by Trichoderma species, is a severe problem for mushroom growers worldwide, including Croatia. Trichoderma strains were isolated from green mould-affected Agaricus bisporus (button or common mushroom) compost and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) substrate samples collected from Croatian mushroom farms. The causal agents of green mould disease in the oyster mushroom were T. pleurotum and T. pleuroticola, similar to other countries. At the same time, the pathogen of A. bisporus was exclusively the species T. harzianum, which is different from earlier findings and indicates that the range of mushroom pathogens is widening. The temperature profiles of the isolates and their hosts overlapped, thus no range was found that would allow optimal growth of the mushrooms without mould contamination. Ferulic acid and certain phenolic compounds, such as thymol showed remarkable fungistatic effect on the Trichoderma isolates, but inhibited the host mushrooms as well. However, commercial fungicides prochloraz and carbendazim were effective agents for pest management. This is the first report on green mould disease of cultivated mushrooms in Croatia.
由木霉属物种引起的绿霉病，是包括克罗地亚在内的全球蘑菇种植者面临的一个严重问题。从克罗地亚蘑菇农场采集的受绿霉影响的双孢蘑菇（纽扣菇或普通蘑菇）堆肥和平菇（平菇）基质样本中分离出了木霉菌株。平菇绿霉病的病原菌是侧耳木霉和侧耳栖木霉，与其他国家的情况类似。与此同时，双孢蘑菇的病原菌仅为哈茨木霉，这与早期研究结果不同，表明蘑菇病原菌的范围正在扩大。分离菌株与其宿主的温度曲线重叠，因此未发现能使蘑菇在无霉菌污染的情况下实现最佳生长的温度范围。阿魏酸和某些酚类化合物，如百里酚，对木霉分离株具有显著的抑菌作用，但也会抑制宿主蘑菇的生长。然而，商业杀菌剂咪鲜胺和多菌灵是有效的病虫害防治药剂。这是关于克罗地亚栽培蘑菇绿霉病的首次报道。
