Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Front Neurosci. 2013 Jan 11;6:182. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2012.00182. eCollection 2012.
The nine amino acid peptide oxytocin (OXT) has been directly associated with different types of behavioral reactions. The formation and maintenance of social relationships in youth and middle age are important components of human mental health. A deficit in healthy behavioral formation leads to social isolation and limitation of well-being. Mice are social animals and are therefore useful for investigating the neurobiological mechanisms of cognitive process control, including the development of social relationships and social skills. Studies in mice may broaden our understanding of the human condition. The multifunctional protein CD38/ADP-ribosyl cyclase is highly expressed in the brain, plays an important role in central OXT release, and regulates social memory. In this review article, we discuss the mechanisms of social behavior affected by the dysregulation of brain OXT function as a consequence of a lack of CD38. OXT bound to OXT receptors initiates autoregulatory positive feedback of OXT release in the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary. OXT bio-behavioral positive feedback is usually implicated in female reproductive systems, but can also be observed in social behavior. Exogenous stimuli (OXT treatment in vitro, OXT intravenous or intraventricular administration, and nasal OXT delivery) initiate activation of OXT neurons via PKC-CD38/ADP-ribosyl cyclase cascades and result in the modulation of social behavior in humans and mice. Based on these findings, we reviewed the functions of OXT and its properties with respect to the development of therapies for human social behavior impairments in psychological diseases. In addition, preliminary studies of continuous nasal OXT administration on subjects with autism spectrum disorders are described.
九肽催产素（OXT）已被直接与不同类型的行为反应相关联。青年和中年时期社会关系的形成和维持是人类心理健康的重要组成部分。健康行为形成的缺失会导致社会孤立和幸福感的限制。老鼠是社会性动物，因此非常适合研究认知过程控制的神经生物学机制，包括社会关系和社交技能的发展。对老鼠的研究可能会拓宽我们对人类状况的理解。多功能蛋白 CD38/ADP-核糖基环化酶在大脑中高度表达，在中枢催产素释放中起重要作用，并调节社会记忆。在这篇综述文章中，我们讨论了由于缺乏 CD38 导致大脑催产素功能失调对社会行为的影响机制。与催产素受体结合的催产素会引发下丘脑和垂体后叶催产素释放的自调节正反馈。催产素生物行为正反馈通常与女性生殖系统有关，但也可以在社会行为中观察到。外源性刺激（体外 OXT 处理、静脉内或脑室内 OXT 给药以及鼻内 OXT 给药）通过 PKC-CD38/ADP-核糖基环化酶级联反应启动催产素神经元的激活，并导致人类和老鼠的社会行为发生调制。基于这些发现，我们综述了催产素的功能及其特性，以期为治疗人类心理疾病中的社会行为障碍提供治疗方法。此外，还描述了对自闭症谱系障碍患者进行连续鼻内 OXT 给药的初步研究。
