Department of Women's and Children's Health, K6, Child, Division of Neonatology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Q2:07, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur J Epidemiol. 2013 Jan;28(1):79-85. doi: 10.1007/s10654-013-9761-7. Epub 2013 Jan 23.
There are only few studies of the association between preterm birth and risk of chronic lung disease in old age. The aim of this study was to assess the association between poor fetal growth, preterm birth, sex and risk of asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in adulthood. We have followed up a cohort of all infants born preterm (<35 weeks) or with low birth weight (<2,000 and <2,100 g for girls and boys, respectively) and an equal number of controls in a source population of 250,000 individuals born from 1925 through 1949 in Sweden (6,425 subjects in total). Cases of asthma and COPD were identified through the Swedish Patient Register and we considered cohort subjects as cases if they had a main or additional discharge diagnosis of asthma or COPD. For any obstructive airways disease, there was a statistically significant increase in risk with decreasing birth weight and gestational duration among women but not among men. Compared to women born at term, women born before 32 weeks of gestation had a hazard ratio for any obstructive airways disease and asthma of 2.77 (95% CI 1.39-5.54) and 5.67 (1.73-18.6), respectively. Low birth weight and preterm birth are risk factors for obstructive airways disease also among the old, but the importance of these risk factors differs between the sexes.
仅有少数研究探讨了早产与老年慢性肺部疾病风险之间的关系。本研究旨在评估胎儿生长不良、早产、性别与成年期哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）风险之间的关联。我们对瑞典一个出生人口（25 万人）中所有早产儿（<35 周）或低出生体重儿（女孩和男孩的出生体重分别为<2000 克和<2100 克）以及同等数量的对照组进行了随访。通过瑞典患者登记册确定哮喘和 COPD 病例，并认为队列对象如果有哮喘或 COPD 的主要或附加出院诊断，则为病例。对于任何阻塞性气道疾病，女性中出生体重和妊娠持续时间的降低与风险呈统计学显著相关，但男性中则无此关联。与足月出生的女性相比，妊娠 32 周前出生的女性患任何阻塞性气道疾病和哮喘的风险比分别为 2.77（95%CI 1.39-5.54）和 5.67（1.73-18.6）。低出生体重和早产也是老年人群中阻塞性气道疾病的危险因素，但这些危险因素在性别之间的重要性不同。
