学校护士为超重和肥胖青少年提供的干预措施。
A school nurse-delivered intervention for overweight and obese adolescents.
机构信息
Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
出版信息
J Sch Health. 2013 Mar;83(3):182-93. doi: 10.1111/josh.12014.
BACKGROUND
Models are needed for implementing weight management interventions for adolescents through readily accessible venues. This study evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of a school nurse-delivered intervention in improving diet and activity and reducing body mass index (BMI) among overweight and obese adolescents.
METHODS
Six high schools were randomized to either a 6-session school nurse-delivered counseling intervention utilizing cognitive-behavioral techniques or nurse contact with provision of information. Eighty-four overweight or obese adolescents in grades 9 through 11 completed behavioral and physiological assessments at baseline and 2- and 6-month follow-ups.
RESULTS
At 2 months, intervention participants ate breakfast on more days/week (difference = 1.01 days; 95% CI: 0.11, 1.92), and had a lower intake of total sugar (difference = -45.79 g; 95% CI: -88.34, -3.24) and added sugar (difference = -51.35 g; 95% CI: -92.45, -10.26) compared to control participants. At 6 months, they were more likely to drink soda ≤ one time/day (OR 4.10; 95% CI: 1.19, 16.93) and eat at fast food restaurants ≤ one time/week (OR 4.62; 95% CI: 1.10, 23.76) compared to control participants. There were no significant differences in BMI, activity, or caloric intake.
CONCLUSION
A brief school nurse-delivered intervention was feasible, acceptable, and improved selected obesogenic behaviors, but not BMI.
背景
需要通过易于接触的场所为青少年实施体重管理干预措施，为此需要建立模型。本研究评估了由学校护士提供的干预措施在改善饮食和活动以及降低超重和肥胖青少年的体重指数（BMI）方面的可行性和效果。
方法
将 6 所高中随机分为 2 组，一组接受由学校护士提供的 6 节认知行为技术辅导的干预措施，另一组接受护士联系并提供信息。9 至 11 年级的 84 名超重或肥胖青少年在基线和 2 个月及 6 个月随访时完成行为和生理评估。
结果
在 2 个月时，干预组参与者每周吃早餐的天数更多（差值为 1.01 天；95%置信区间：0.11，1.92），总糖摄入量更低（差值为-45.79 克；95%置信区间：-88.34，-3.24），添加糖摄入量更低（差值为-51.35 克；95%置信区间：-92.45，-10.26）。6 个月时，与对照组相比，他们更有可能每天饮用碳酸饮料≤1 次（比值比为 4.10；95%置信区间：1.19，16.93），每周在快餐店就餐≤1 次（比值比为 4.62；95%置信区间：1.10，23.76）。BMI、活动或热量摄入无显著差异。
结论
简短的学校护士提供的干预措施是可行的、可接受的，并改善了一些致肥胖行为，但对 BMI 没有影响。
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