Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, MSC10 5590, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA.
J Sch Health. 2012 Mar;82(3):147-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2011.00678.x.
In the emerging debate around obesity intervention in schools, recent calls have been made for researchers to include local community opinions in the design of interventions. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is an effective approach for forming community partnerships and integrating local opinions. We used CBPR principles to conduct formative research in identifying acceptable and potentially sustainable obesity intervention strategies in 8 New Mexico school communities.
We collected formative data from 8 high schools on areas of community interest for school health improvement through collaboration with local School Health Advisory Councils (SHACs) and interviews with students and parents. A survey based on formative results was created to assess acceptability of specific intervention strategies and was provided to SHACs. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics while qualitative data were evaluated using an iterative analytic process for thematic identification.
Key themes identified through the formative process included lack of healthy food options, infrequent curricular/extracurricular physical activity opportunities, and inadequate exposure to health/nutritional information. Key strategies identified as most acceptable by SHAC members included healthier food options and preparation, a healthy foods marketing campaign, yearly taste tests, an after-school noncompetitive physical activity program, and community linkages to physical activity opportunities.
An adaptive CBPR approach for formative assessment can be used to identify obesity intervention strategies that address community school health concerns. Eight high school SHACs identified 6 school-based strategies to address parental and student concerns related to obesity.
在围绕学校肥胖干预的新兴辩论中，最近有人呼吁研究人员在干预措施的设计中纳入当地社区的意见。基于社区的参与式研究 (CBPR) 是形成社区伙伴关系和整合当地意见的有效方法。我们使用 CBPR 原则在 8 个新墨西哥州的学校社区中进行了形成性研究，以确定可接受和潜在可持续的肥胖干预策略。
我们通过与当地学校健康咨询委员会 (SHAC) 合作并对学生和家长进行访谈，从 8 所高中收集了社区感兴趣的领域的形成性数据，以改善学校健康。基于形成性结果的调查是为了评估特定干预策略的可接受性而创建的，并提供给 SHAC。使用描述性统计分析定量数据，而使用迭代分析过程评估定性数据以确定主题。
通过形成性过程确定的主要主题包括缺乏健康食品选择、课程/课外活动中体育锻炼机会不频繁以及健康/营养信息接触不足。SHAC 成员认为最可接受的主要策略包括提供更健康的食品选择和准备、健康食品营销活动、年度口味测试、课后非竞争性体育活动计划以及与体育活动机会的社区联系。
适应性 CBPR 方法可用于确定解决社区学校健康问题的肥胖干预策略。8 所高中的 SHAC 确定了 6 项基于学校的策略，以解决与肥胖相关的家长和学生的担忧。
