Pfordresher Peter Q
Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 355 Park Hall, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA,
Psychol Res. 2014 Jan;78(1):96-112. doi: 10.1007/s00426-013-0477-9. Epub 2013 Jan 24.
Past research has shown that when discrete responses are associated with a perceptual goal, performers may have difficulty detecting stimuli that are commensurate with that goal. Three experiments are reported here that test whether such effects extend to sequence production. In Experiment 1, participants performed 8-note melodies repeatedly, and on each trial a single tone could be altered with respect to its pitch and/or synchrony with actions. Results suggested a selective deficit of detection when feedback pitch was unchanged and the event was slightly delayed. Experiment 2 showed that this "deafness" to feedback is limited to rhythmic motor tasks that require sequencing, in that similar effects did not emerge when participants produced pitch sequences by tapping a single key repeatedly. A third experiment demonstrated similar results to Experiment 1 when the mapping of keys to pitches on the keyboard was reversed. Taken together, results suggest a selective deafness to response-congruent delayed feedback, consistent with the idea that performers suppress previously planned events during production.
过去的研究表明，当离散反应与一个感知目标相关联时，执行者可能难以检测到与该目标相称的刺激。本文报告了三个实验，测试这种效应是否扩展到序列生成。在实验1中，参与者反复执行8音符旋律，并且在每次试验中，单个音调的音高和/或与动作的同步性可以改变。结果表明，当反馈音高不变且事件略有延迟时，存在选择性检测缺陷。实验2表明，这种对反馈的“失聪”仅限于需要序列的节奏运动任务，因为当参与者通过反复敲击单个键来生成音高序列时，没有出现类似的效果。当键盘上按键与音高的映射颠倒时，第三个实验得到了与实验1类似的结果。综合来看，结果表明对反应一致的延迟反馈存在选择性失聪，这与执行者在生成过程中抑制先前计划事件的观点一致。
