Chlebowy Diane Orr, Hood Sula, LaJoie A Scott
University of Louisville School of Nursing, 555 South Floyd Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
West J Nurs Res. 2013 Jul;35(6):703-21. doi: 10.1177/0193945912473370. Epub 2013 Jan 23.
The rising incidence of diabetes complications among African Americans is a major health concern. Few studies have addressed gender differences in diabetes self-management in this population. The purpose of this study was to determine whether gender differences in facilitators and barriers to self-management exist among African American adults with type 2 diabetes. Thirty-eight participants were recruited from community agencies and each participated in one of seven audio-recorded focus group sessions. Regular health care visits, positive outlook, prioritization of health, and independence facilitated self-management behaviors in men, whereas acceptance of diabetes was a facilitator for women. Lack of time at work, lack of family support, and lack of knowledge were barriers for men, whereas lack of finances, embarrassment, negative outlook, perceived lack of disease control, and adverse effects of medications were barriers for women. Further research is necessary to design and test gender-specific tailored interventions to improve diabetes self-management in this population.
非裔美国人中糖尿病并发症发病率的上升是一个主要的健康问题。很少有研究探讨该人群在糖尿病自我管理方面的性别差异。本研究的目的是确定患有2型糖尿病的非裔美国成年人在自我管理的促进因素和障碍方面是否存在性别差异。从社区机构招募了38名参与者，每人参加了七个录音焦点小组会议中的一个。定期的医疗保健就诊、积极的人生观、对健康的重视和独立性促进了男性的自我管理行为，而接受糖尿病是女性的一个促进因素。工作时间不足、缺乏家庭支持和知识匮乏是男性面临的障碍，而资金短缺、尴尬、消极的人生观、感觉缺乏疾病控制以及药物的不良反应是女性面临的障碍。有必要进行进一步的研究，以设计和测试针对性别的量身定制的干预措施，以改善该人群的糖尿病自我管理。
