Wark H, Earl J, Chau D D, Overton J
Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia.
Br J Anaesth. 1990 Apr;64(4):474-81. doi: 10.1093/bja/64.4.474.
Halothane (1% v/v inspired) was administered for 60 min to six children of mean age 74 months (range 14-119 months). Uptake of halothane was measured from the difference in the concentration in inspired and expired gas and varied from 176 to 310 mg kg-1, depending on minute ventilation. After administration of halothane ceased, its elimination in expired gas was measured in four patients until the conclusion of anaesthesia; 32-37% of the absorbed halothane was expired 90 min after halothane administration ceased. Urinary excretion of trifluoroacetic acid, fluoride and bromide was measured for up to 1 week. Of the absorbed halothane, 11.4% (range 6.3-18.2%) was excreted in urine as trifluoroacetic acid and 0.37% (range 0.10-0.64%) as inorganic fluoride. The urinary half-life of trifluoracetic acid was 41.8 h (range 10.4-59.1 h). The quantitative and qualitative metabolism of halothane via the reductive and oxidative pathways in children are comparable to values found in adults. No differences in the metabolism of halothane by children were found which would explain the different incidence of halothane-associated hepatitis compared with adults.
将1%（体积/体积）的氟烷给予6名平均年龄74个月（范围14 - 119个月）的儿童，持续60分钟。根据吸入气和呼出气中浓度的差异来测量氟烷的摄取量，摄取量在176至310毫克/千克之间变化，这取决于分钟通气量。停止给予氟烷后，在4名患者中测量其在呼出气中的消除情况，直至麻醉结束；停止给予氟烷90分钟后，呼出的氟烷占吸收的氟烷的32% - 37%。测量了长达1周的三氟乙酸、氟化物和溴化物的尿排泄量。在吸收的氟烷中，11.4%（范围6.3% - 18.2%）以三氟乙酸的形式经尿液排泄，0.37%（范围0.10% - 0.64%）以无机氟的形式排泄。三氟乙酸的尿半衰期为41.8小时（范围10.4 - 59.1小时）。儿童通过还原和氧化途径对氟烷进行的定量和定性代谢与在成人中发现的值相当。未发现儿童对氟烷的代谢存在差异，这可以解释与成人相比氟烷相关性肝炎的不同发病率。
