Li R, Zhang X M, Campana M G, Huang J P, Chang Z H, Qi X B, Shi H, Su B, Zhang R F, Lan X Y, Chen H, Lei C Z
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
Anim Genet. 2013 Aug;44(4):446-9. doi: 10.1111/age.12022. Epub 2013 Jan 24.
To determine the genetic diversity and paternal origin of Chinese cattle, 302 males from 16 Chinese native cattle breeds as well as 30 Holstein males and four Burma males as controls were analysed using four Y-SNPs and two Y-STRs. In Chinese bulls, the taurine Y1 and Y2 haplogroups and indicine Y3 haplogroup were detected in seven, 172 and 123 individuals respectively, and these frequencies varied among the Chinese cattle breeds examined. Y2 dominates in northern China (91.4%), and Y3 dominates in southern China (90.8%). Central China is an admixture zone, although Y2 predominates overall (72.0%). The geographical distributions of the Y2 and Y3 haplogroup frequencies revealed a pattern of male indicine introgression from south to north China. The three Y haplogroups were further classified into one Y1 haplotype, five Y2 haplotypes and one Y3 haplotype in Chinese native bulls. Due to the interplay between taurine and indicine types, Chinese cattle represent an extensive reservoir of genetic diversity. The Y haplotype distribution of Chinese cattle exhibited a clear geographical structure, which is consistent with mtDNA, historical and geographical information.
为了确定中国牛的遗传多样性和父系起源，利用4个Y - SNP和2个Y - STR对来自16个中国本土牛品种的302头公牛以及30头荷斯坦公牛和4头缅甸公牛作为对照进行了分析。在中国公牛中，分别在7头、172头和123头个体中检测到普通牛Y1和Y2单倍群以及瘤牛Y3单倍群，这些频率在所检测的中国牛品种中有所不同。Y2在中国北方占主导（91.4%），Y3在中国南方占主导（90.8%）。中国中部是一个混合区，尽管总体上Y2占优势（72.0%）。Y2和Y3单倍群频率的地理分布揭示了瘤牛雄性基因从中国南方到北方的渐渗模式。在中国本土公牛中，这三个Y单倍群进一步被分为1个Y1单倍型、5个Y2单倍型和1个Y3单倍型。由于普通牛和瘤牛类型之间的相互作用，中国牛代表了一个广泛的遗传多样性库。中国牛的Y单倍型分布呈现出明显的地理结构，这与线粒体DNA、历史和地理信息一致。
