Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1104, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2013 Mar;37(3):490-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01956.x. Epub 2013 Jan 24.
Previous studies have demonstrated that a low subjective response (SR) to alcohol is a risk factor for alcohol use disorders (AUDs), and a recent study suggests that acquired tolerance can be differentiated from initial SR and is also significantly associated with drinking problems. Because the prior study of SR and tolerance focused on a sample of moderate drinkers, the goal of the current study was to examine relations between early SR, acquired tolerance, alcohol use, and alcohol-related problems in a sample of young adults with clinically significant alcohol problems.
The current study examined associations between early SR and acquired tolerance and both drinking behavior and alcohol-related problems within a sample of 113 heavy drinking young adults (66.1% male) volunteering for a clinical trial of naltrexone in combination with brief motivational counseling.
Consistent with the 1 prior study examining simultaneous effects of early SR and tolerance, both early SR and acquired tolerance were positively associated with typical drinking behavior, although tolerance was a much stronger predictor within this clinical sample. In contrast to the prior study, early SR was inversely associated with risk for alcohol-related problems, and tolerance was not a significant predictor of problems.
The results suggested that, controlling for weekly drinking, a low early SR protected against acute negative consequences within a sample of heavy drinkers who had acquired significant tolerance to alcohol effects. It is possible that this protective effect may eventually shift to a risk factor by allowing individuals with a low SR to persist in a pattern of hazardous drinking.
先前的研究表明，对酒精的低主观反应（SR）是酒精使用障碍（AUD）的一个风险因素，最近的一项研究表明，获得性耐受可以与初始 SR 区分开来，并且与饮酒问题显著相关。由于之前对 SR 和耐受的研究集中在适度饮酒者的样本上，因此本研究的目的是在一个有临床显著酒精问题的年轻成年人样本中，检验早期 SR、获得性耐受、饮酒行为和与酒精相关问题之间的关系。
本研究在参加纳曲酮联合简短动机咨询的临床试验的 113 名重度饮酒的年轻成年人（66.1%为男性）样本中，考察了早期 SR 和获得性耐受与饮酒行为和与酒精相关问题之间的关系。
与之前同时检验早期 SR 和耐受的影响的研究一致，早期 SR 和获得性耐受都与典型的饮酒行为呈正相关，尽管在这个临床样本中，耐受是一个更强的预测因素。与之前的研究不同，早期 SR 与酒精相关问题的风险呈负相关，而耐受不是问题的显著预测因素。
结果表明，在对酒精作用产生显著耐受的重度饮酒者样本中，控制每周饮酒量，早期 SR 较低可防止急性负面后果。有可能这种保护作用最终会通过允许低 SR 的个体持续危险饮酒模式而转变为一个风险因素。
